公私協力(PPPs)的社會福利之研究：以臺北市微笑單車為例

Abstract

公私協力(PPPs)是一個近幾年出現的新名詞，係指公私部門相互合作、形成夥伴關係的形式，相較於公私部門各自獨力完成公共建設案，此種新興合作模式往往被認為更能有效降低成本以及提昇執行效率，但有時亦有政府財政負擔擴大之虞。 本文主要研究公私協力(PPPs)實證分析，透過臺北市政府與捷安特公司簽訂七年「微笑單車」的公共計畫，利用成本效益分析法，計算此項公共自行車政策實施後社會福利的變動，由於樣本期間為2013-2019年，其中包含對於未來社會福利變動的估計值，因此以2013年為基期，採用淨現值推估「臺北市公共自行車租賃計畫」實施結果之影響。 實證過程包含針對微笑單車使用者之消費者剩餘、廠商之生產者剩餘、公部門之政府盈絀以及外部效果的估計；首先，利用過去的資料預測未來微笑單車之租借次數，並利用願付價格評估消費者剩餘，而後利用微笑單車營運績效之數據尋找生產者剩餘，接著依據「臺北市公共自行車租賃條約」推論政府盈絀。 最後，計算自行車帶來的環保效益並加以貨幣化；實證結果顯示此項公共政策帶來約14,390百萬元之效益，故在本實證研究之下，公私協力(PPPs)確實與假設相同，對於社會福利帶來正面效果。

Public-Private-Partnerships(PPPs) is a new expression in recent years. PPPs means that the cooperation between public sector and private sector, which will form partnerships. While compared with public and private sector finish the project independently, this cooperation is considered to reduce the cost and rise execute more efficiently. However, it sometimes deemed to raise fiscal bearing. This thesis mainly discuss the empirical study of PPPs. A case of Taipei city Youbike is preferable here, which is the 7-years contract between government and Giant corporation. We calculate the variation of social welfare which Youbike causes to happen by using Cost-Benefit-Analysis(CBA). Sample period is 2013-2019 including future prediction, so we estimate the impact of Youbike policy with net present value(NPV). Furthermore, 2013 is basis year. The case study contains several estimations: consumer surplus(CS), producer surplus(PS), government surplus(GS) and external effects(EE). First of all, we predict the number of ride in the future. Then it can be concluded that the size consumer surplus through consumers’ willingness to pay(WTP). According to the financial data of Youbike, we also estimate producer surplus and government surplus. Finally, the environmental benefits evaluation will be monetized. The empirical study’s result indicated that the policy of Youbike would bring 14,390 millions benefits to our society. This implication is applied to previous hypothesis.