慣質網路於建築物地震波抑制之應用

Abstract

本論文討論慣質系統對於建築物地震震動控制之應用。慣質為一新開發的被動機械懸吊元件，是一個完整的雙端子機械裝置，可以取代機械系統中的質量，使得機械網路系統得以完美的對應至電子網路系統。慣質目前已成功地運用在汽車、摩托車與火車上，並證實可提升其性能。本論文將慣質系統應用於建築物減震系統，討論並分析慣質系統對於不同的建築物模型的減震效果。 本論文分為三個部分並逐一討論: 單層建築物、雙層建築物、多層建築物。首先，吾人針對單層建築物系統，進行建築物最佳化分析。本論文應用四個實際歷史地震波數據，將各慣質系統置於單層建築物懸吊系統中，比較傳統懸吊系統與慣質網路系統之性能增進。其次將建築物擴展到雙層建築物系統，並應用不同最佳化指標討論慣質懸吊系統之性能增進，以及探討兩層間的最佳化參數變化。接著將雙層結構將系統擴展到五層建築物結構，並且提高建築物剛性來比較慣質網路系統的性能增進，並討論慣質系統的數量及安裝位置對於建築物的性能增進，以及進一步討論兩棟相連的建築物系統，慣質懸吊系統對於兩棟的性能增進。 最後，吾人依據模型相似理論來實際設計建築物之縮尺模型，並安裝滾珠螺桿慣質於此縮尺模型，探討實際上慣質對於地震波的性能增進，並以SimMechanics模型來模擬驗證與實驗間的結果比較。並獨立討論慣質系統的垂直支撐和斜向支撐對於建築物性能增進影響。

This thesis investigates the performance benefits of building suspension systems employing the inerter. The inerter was proposed as a genuine two-terminal mechanical device to substitute for the mass element to improve performance of mechanical systems. The invention of inerters bridges the gap between the mechanical and electrical systems. So far, the inerter has been successfully applied to vehicles, motorcycles, trains, and proven to enhance its performance benefits. This thesis focuses on the following three topics: one-layer, two-layers, and multi-layers building models. First, we apply three inerter layouts and four historical earthquake data to a one-DOF building model to illustrate how inerter can improve its suspension performance. The simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of inerters in suppressing earthquake vibrations. Second, we extended the discussion to a two-layer building system. In addtion, we used weighting performance index to analyze the performance benefits between two layers. Last, we build a multi-layers building structure and discussed the numbers and location of inerters for building performance benefits. Furthermore, we analyzed the connected suspension of adjacent building systems, and applied the inerter layouts to the concerned suspensions of adjacent buildings. For experimental verification, we applied the Similitude Law to design scale-down building models and discussed the improvment of the earthquake vibration by inerters. We also built SimMechanics models for comparison with the experimental results. In addition, we discussed the inerter in vertical and diagonal support for suppressing building vibrations.