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標題: | 以三維影像處理方法量化與分析大岩桐花朵形狀變異 Three-dimensional Approach for Quantifying and Analyzing Floral Shape Variation in Sinningia speciosa |
作者: | Cheng-Chun Wang 王政鈞 |
指導教授: | 郭彥甫 |
關鍵字: | 花朵形態變異,幾何形態,斷層掃描,普氏分析,主成分分析,模塊化和整合, floral shape variation,geometric morphometrics (GM),computed tomography (CT),generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA),principal component analysis (PCA),modularity and integration, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 由於花朵的構造相當多變且複雜程度也很高,量化花朵形狀變異是件很困難的任務。以往花朵形狀變異是在二維照片上面以線性量測方法量化,由於二維照片無法充分地描述花朵構造,因此在量化花朵形狀變異上會有辨識不夠清楚的地方,因此此研究以斷層掃描照射花朵建構出花朵三維影像且以幾何形態方法分析三維花朵形狀變異,為了顯示出此研究所提出三維幾合形態分析方法的好處,此方法所應用的對象為大岩桐第二子代的花朵,第一子代花朵由兩側對稱和輻射對稱的親本雜交培育出來的花朵,第二子代花朵為第一子代花朵自交而成,此第二子代花朵不論在大小或是形狀變異上都呈現極大差異,因此作為量化表現型的研究是很好的研究材料,試驗過程中以影像處理強化由斷層掃描得到的三維花朵影像,接著選取特徵點以供接下來幾合形態分析所需,每朵花選取95個同源特徵點作為花朵形狀的描述,如此一來不但能增加對於花朵的描述也更能說明花朵的形狀變異。試驗結果說明花瓣裂片的向外開合程度還有花冠筒對稱性為主要的花朵形態變異。此研究所提出以斷層掃描得到三維花朵影像並以三維幾何形態來量化花朵形狀的方法,所得到的結果不但能截取出許多在二維影像上無法截取到的形狀變異特徵,在量化形狀變異上也更加精確。除此之外不同花瓣在幾何形態上的共變程度也能透過不同花瓣的特徵點進行轉置檢驗來分析。分析結果顯示背部花瓣和腹部花瓣共變程度為最小,有可能可視為不同模組。 The quantification of floral shape variations is difficult because flower structures are both diverse and complex. Traditionally, floral shape variations are quantified using linear measurements of two-dimensional (2D) images. The 2D images cannot adequately describe flower structures, and thus lead to unsatisfactory discrimination of the flower shape. This study aimed to acquire three-dimensional (3D) images by using micro-computed tomography (μCT) and to examine the floral shape variations by using geometric morphometrics (GM). To demonstrate the advantages of the 3D-µCT-GM approach, we applied the approach to a second-generation (F2) population of Sinningia speciosa crossed from parents of zygomorphic and actinomorphic flowers. The flowers in the F2 population considerably vary in size and shape, thereby served as good materials to test the applicability of the proposed phenotyping approach. Procedures were developed to improve the quality of 3D volumetric flower images acquired using a μCT scanner and to select homologous characteristic points (i.e., landmarks) from the flower images for the subsequent GM analysis. The procedures identified 95 landmarks for each flower and thus improved the overall quality of describing and illustrating the flower shapes. The GM analysis demonstrated that flower opening and dorsoventral symmetry were the principal shape variations of the flowers. The 3D-µCT-GM approach revealed shape variations that could not be identified using typical 2D approaches and accurately quantified the flower traits that presented a challenge in 2D images. In addition, the level of morphological integration between the petal landmark sets were examined by using permutation tests. The tests indicated that dorsal and ventral petals were associated with a minimal level of integration and could be regarded as biological modules. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/4690 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物機電工程學系 |
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