伊斯蘭教銀行及傳統銀行之效率分析：以印尼為例

Abstract

伊斯蘭教銀行以及傳統銀行在管理及營運上，已經是世界上受到廣泛討論的對象。究竟這兩種銀行體系在比較上有什麼不同？銀行的效率在1997金融危機時，已經是一個在全球上而不只亞洲，所非常重視的問題。尤其在印尼，當時有相當多的銀行在此危機中倒閉，因此從細項因素來仔細觀察銀行效率是很重要的。之前已經顯示出印尼的銀行業是不夠穩固的。而伊斯蘭教銀行是否可以被視為另一種替代方案，或者可以提供解決方法來幫助那些有問題的傳統銀行回復原狀？本論文之目的是在於研究並比較印尼傳統銀行及伊斯蘭教銀行的技術效率，並試圖顯示出2008金融危機時，其影響銀行效率之程度。尤其針對伊斯蘭教銀行，本論文使用了資料包絡分析法DEA (Data envelopment Analysis)，去分析2004到2010年間，24家銀行的銀行效率，受到2008金融危機影響之程度。 資料包絡分析法的整體結果證明了，2008金融危機時，印尼的伊斯蘭教銀行在技術效率上比傳統銀行更有效率。除此之外，傳統銀行本身具有伊斯蘭教事業單位比沒有此事業單位的傳統銀行，還來的更有效率

The management and operation differences between conventional banks and Islamic banks are a subject of widespread international discussion. What are the differences in comparing these two banking systems? The efficiency of banks has become an important issue after the financial crisis in 1997, not only in Asia but also in many other countries around the world. Especially in Indonesia, where so many banks collapsed during the crisis, it is important to take a closer look at the factor of banking efficiency. It has been shown that the banking sector in Indonesia was not solid enough. Can Islamic banks be taken into consideration as alternatives, or perhaps even provide a solution to help rehabilitate the troubled conventional banks? The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the technical efficiency of Islamic banks to conventional banks in Indonesia. This study attempts to show to what extent the global financial crisis of 2008 has caused a change in the banking efficiency, especially among Islamic banks, using the DEA (Data envelopment Analysis) method, analyzing twenty four banks from 2004 to 2010. The overall DEA results proved that the Islamic banks in Indonesia were more efficient than conventional banks in terms of technical efficiency during the global financial crisis. In addition, those conventional banks that opened an Islamic business unit experienced more efficiency than those banks that didn’t.