蛇床子之化學成分研究

Abstract

蛇床子為繖形科植物蛇床Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson的乾燥成熟果實，多用為中藥材，常生於山坡草叢中、田間、路旁、草地及河邊濕地上，我國大部分地區均有分布。 蛇床子，以甲醇浸泡得到之萃取物。運用矽膠薄層分析、高效液相層析儀及再結晶等方法進行進一步的分離純化。單離以後的化合物在測得紅外線光譜、氫核磁共振圖譜、碳核磁共振圖譜與質譜後，經推測為已知化合物者，則與文獻值比對確定其結構。若是新化合物，依需要進行二維核磁共振圖譜實驗確定其結構。 本實驗共鑑定得到45個化合物，分別為： 一、香豆素類（Coumarins）化合物29個 二、色酮類（Chromones）化合物7個 三、芳香族類（Aromatic compounds）化合物2個 四、單萜類（Monoterpenoids）化合物3個 五、倍半萜類（Sesquiterpenoids）化合物1個 六、雙萜類（Diterpenoids）化合物1個 七、固醇類（Steroids）化合物2個 其中10個為新化合物，3個為從天然物中首次分離得到的化合物。

Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson distributes over Taiwan and mainland China. The dried fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson is an efficient medicine for several diseases. The methanol extract from the dried fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson was concentrated to give a residue which was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The ethyl acetate layer was separated by column chromatography on silica gel, preparative thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to give 45 compounds. Of these compounds, 10 news and 3 isolated for the first time from natural sources are elucidated. The total isolated included 29 coumarins, 7 chromones, 2 aromatic compounds, 3 monoterpenoids, 1 sesquiterpenoid, 1 diterpenoid and 2 steroids. The known compounds were identified by spectral analysis and compared with those reported in literatures or authentic samples. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectral evidence including 1D and 2D techniques.