後冷戰時期中國對東協外交政策之研究

Abstract

本論文主要探討中國在後冷戰時期對東協政策的目標為何，受到哪些內外因素的影響，輸出而成對東協的政策。而東協面對中國的外交政策，採取何種回應策略，雙方彼此的互動關係，再以新現實主義理論加以分析闡釋，有助於了解後中國對東協政策及雙方的互動關係。 討論後冷戰時期中國對東協的政策，首先要從國際體系結構的變化切入。在東南亞地區，隨著冷戰結束，區域國家之間的意識形態對立不在，給予彼此發展關係的契機。中國與東協雙方有追求經濟發展，維持週邊環境和平穩定，以及維持亞太戰略平衡、防止霸權行為出現的共同目標，因此中國與東協雙方之間雖然存在許多衝突，為了追求其國家利益，達成和平崛起的戰略目標，中國仍需要與東協合作，進一步將東協變成中國的利害共同體，進而主導亞太的地區秩序，朝向世界性大國邁進。 整體而言，後冷戰時期中國對東協外交政策是顯著有成效的，因而雙方關係邁向新的階段。中國以經濟手段吸引東協，在與東協的衝突部份則自我克制，如此的外交作為增進了東協對中國的好感與信任，因此雙方關係在短短的12年間上升到戰略夥伴關係，並且成立了中國－東協自由貿易區。未來，中國與東協雙方政策互動的結果將持續對國際、區域以及台灣帶來各種影響，值得吾人加以注意。

The paper mainly discusses the objectives and influences of China’s foreign policy toward ASEAN and ASEAN’s response in the post-cold war era. Then, the paper will use the theory of neo-realism to analyze the effects of China’s ASEAN policy and to predict the future development of Sino-ASEAN relations . As the end of the cold war, the structure of the international system has changed. The difference of ideology no longer affected the relations of the countries. Besides, China and ASEAN have a lot of common interests and goals, including the pursuit of economic growth, the balance of power in Pacific-Asia region and avoid the appearance of hegemonic behavior. Therefore, although there are many conflicts in the Sino- ASEAN relations , in order to lead the Pacific-Asia region and become a global power, China will choose to cooperate with ASEAN. In sum, China’s ASEAN policy in the post-cold war era is effective so Sino- ASEAN relations have a great progress. China draw ASEAN to its side through economic interests and deal with its conflicts with ASEAN properly. China’s ASEAN policy acquired ASEAN countries’ fondness and trust. Thus, China and ASEAN established a strategic partnership in 2003 and the building of China- ASEAN free trade area has already begun. The effects of the interaction between China and ASEAN will continue to influence Taiwan, Asia and the world. The issue deserves our attention.