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Title: | 應用模擬退火法及景觀指數於集水區土地利用最佳化規劃 Using simulated annealing in landscape metrics to simulate landscape patterns in watershed planning and management |
Authors: | Min-Hau Chen 陳敏華 |
Advisor: | 林裕彬 |
Keyword: | 景觀指數,景觀生態,土地利用,優化模式,模擬退火法, landscape metrics,landscape ecology,land use,Optimization models,simulated annealing, |
Publication Year : | 2007 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 土地利用變遷與氣候、自然與人為環境、土壤條件、水文條件、生態系統的互動關係是土地資源永續發展相關研究極力探討的議題。然而土地利用的改變會造成集水區中水文循環的影響,其中包括有入滲、地下水補注、基流以及流量。
景觀指數可以用來量化景觀中嵌塊體與嵌塊體之間的空間關係,並且能詳細的描繪出獨立的嵌塊體在景觀層級上的相對空間關係。除此之外,景觀指數更可以有效地用來規劃自然資源與規劃土地利用。在空間格局與過程的關係上,景觀指數可以提供規劃者關於景觀功能的資訊,規劃者可以藉由景觀指數來了解困難且不易判斷之問題。 在人口成長的壓力下,集水區內林地砍伐與開發,造成土地利用的改變將會衝擊到集水區內的水文系統。以景觀或土地利用格局為優化的目標,將可維持良好的景觀功能與過程。本研究將利用優化理論中的模擬退火法來優化景觀生態指數並將此土地利用優化模式應用於五堵集水區內,並提出具備有景觀生態意義的土地利用與景觀規劃計畫。藉由訂定不同的開放策略、土地需求以及土地轉移策略,分析在不同的策略下,對土地利用格局造成的影響。研究中訂定目標函數為平均嵌塊體大小最大化,並分為開發林地面積5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% 和50%,且開發的林地轉移為農地、建地以及草地,並將此模式結合水文模式以計算其對水文量造成之衝擊與影響。 Exactly how changes in land use and land cover and climate, human and natural environment, soil, water, or ecological systems are related which is a major research area in sustainable development. Land use changes can influence hydrological processes including infiltration, groundwater recharge, base flow and runoff in a watershed. Landscape metrics quantified in terms of the spatial relationship of patches the landscape are spatially explicit at the landscape level because the relative location of individual patches within the landscape is represented in some way. Furthermore, Landscape metrics can be useful when planning for natural resources or planning for sustainable land-use. The relationships between spatial patterns and processes, landscape metrics can inform planner about landscape functions, which are difficult to measure directly. One of the major land use changes that have an impact on the hydrological cycle and regulation are changes in the spatial patterns caused by deforestation and forest fragmentation by human development within a watershed. Optimizing landscape or land use aims to obtain landscape or land use patterns which well sustain landscape functions and processes. This study developed an optimal landscape simulation model by optimizing (maximizing or minimizing) landscape metrics of the forest class level using simulated annealing for alternative land use management strategies in Wu-Tu watershed in Northern Taiwan, and analysis the impact on the hydrological cycle. Landscape models simulate alternative landscape dynamics which provide information to evaluate and test hypotheses or scenarios of landscape or land use management. Optimal objectives were to identify the landscape patterns with the largest mean forest patches by maximizing a landscape metric Mean Patch Size (MPS) deforested scenarios that are removed 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 50% forest to be replaced by built-up area, agricultural land and grassland within the study watershed. The optimal simulation approach can be integrated hydrological with models which can evaluate the impact on the hydrological cycle. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/28733 |
Fulltext Rights: | 有償授權 |
Appears in Collections: | 生物環境系統工程學系 |
Files in This Item:
File | Size | Format | |
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ntu-96-1.pdf Restricted Access | 6.82 MB | Adobe PDF |
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