聚丙烯酸甲酯共聚物與其奈米複合材料在膠態染料敏化太陽能電池上之應用

Abstract

本研究利用methyl acrylate (MA)與一系列具有羧基的單體以無乳化劑乳化聚合的方式合成共聚物，並利用上述共聚物分別使蒙托土完全脫層，多壁型奈米碳管完全分散後形成共聚物與蒙托土及奈米碳管之奈米複合材料，以及將多壁型奈米碳管均勻地分散在共聚物的乳液中形成共聚物與奈米碳管之奈米複合物，再以此二系列的材料分別膠化電解質。試圖探討共聚物種類與脫層型蒙托土及多壁型奈米碳管的加入對於膠態電解質與太陽能電池元件效率的影響為何。 以上述材料所組裝之元件其光電轉換效率在純高分子共聚物方面，以PMA電解質系統最高，其光電轉化效率最高可達8.25%，平均值亦有7.8%左右的良好表現，非常接近液態元件。P(MA-co-ma)系統在3:1及5:1系統皆亦可達6.4%~6.8%左右相當不錯的效率。 在蒙托土奈米複材方面，多數上述系統之光電轉換效率皆有些微下降，唯有P(MA3-co-AA1)/MMT之系統略有上升。 而在奈米碳管複材系統中，三個系統皆有顯著之效能提升，PMA/CNT最高之光電轉化效率可高達8.81%，平均值亦有8.43%左右的傑出表現。而先前表現不佳之P(MA5-AA1)與P(MA3-AA1)系統皆此奈米碳管複材中獲得相當高之效率，兩個系統分別有平均值6.27%與6.48%的良好表現。

In this research, we exfoliated Montmorillonite (MMT) and dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) by using methyl acrylate (MA) to copolymerize with a series of monomer containing carboxylic acid group by emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization for fabricating the copolymer/MMT and copolymer/CNT nanocomposite. We gelled liquid electrolyte using above polymer and their nanocomposite systems and then fabricating gelled-type dye-sensitized solar cells. Considering devices based on copolymer gelled electrolyte, the prerformance on photovoltaic conversion efficiency of PMA system was the best which overall photo-to-current conversion efficiency was 8.25% in the best and 7.8% in the average. The performance was almost good as conventional liquid type devices. In addition, the P(MA-co-ma) system also had nice efficiency about 6.4% and 6.8% in the systems of molar ratio 3:1 and 5:1 respectively. In the copolymer/MMT systems, most systems had a small drop on overall efficiency. P(MA3-co-AA1)/MMT was the only system enhanced. In the copolymer/MWCNT system, all three systems had a significant enhancement on overall conversion efficiency. PMA/CNT was the best amount the three system which has an amazing efficiency 8.81% in the best and as high as 8.43% in the average. In addition, the P(MA5-AA1) and P(MA3-AA1) systems which were not very outstanding in foemer systems also had a very high overall conversion efficiency in MWCNT nanocomposite system. The average efficiency is 6.27% and 6.48% in respect system.