機關代辦建築工程專案管理招標文件品質影響發包進度之研究 －以營建署92~94年度代辦非全程建築工程專案管理為例－

Abstract

摘 要 就工程採購之執行過程而言，機關採購人員於規劃、設計及施工各階段所辦理之事項，均涉及各類型工程相關專業知識及法令規定，未具備工程採購專業能力及人力之非工程專業機關，對於招標文件（含規劃設計圖說、規範、預算書…等）之周延性無從審查，不但影響工程發包期程，對於施工階段之履約品質亦無法監督，屢有爭議。 營建署為行政院指定代辦專業機關，茲以營建署92~94年度代辦教育部、法務部、外交部、國防部、農委會…等部會23件非全程建築工程專案管理之發包情形予以調查，藉由對建築工程招標文件品質之探討，研擬出18項發包落後原因，由各個工程之發包進度落後原因發生情形，從工程經費編列、建築先期計畫、規劃設計圖說、施工預算書、時程管控、相關單位權責等方向，運用特性要因圖由發包進度落後之原因，分析歸納出規劃設計階段影響招標文件品質的五大主要因：計畫、圖說、預算、時程、人員。進而由五大主要因研擬相關之改善對策如後：刪減面積、減項或减設備、增加預算、變更工法、延長工期、材料設備等級或材質降低等因應對策。 本研究再分別由刪減面積、減項或减設備、增加預算、變更工法、延長工期、材料設備等級或材質降低等因應對策，探討出於規劃設計階段專案管理對工程招標文件品質審查應注意事項（詳圖），以提升規劃設計階段工程招標文件品質，俾免因招標文件品質不良而影響工程後續發包進度，甚而影響後續整體工程進度與品質。

Abstract Considering the engineering procurement processes, items performed by the institutional procurement staff during planning, designing, and implementation stages of a construction project will involve various kinds of engineering-related knowledge and regulations. As the result, institutions having inadequate engineering procurement capabilities are likely to experience difficulties in examining the comprehensiveness of their tender document (including designed illustration, specifications, budget statement, etc), which not only will affect the contract schedule, but also the quality of construction during implementation. Construction and Planning Agency (CPA), Ministry of the Interior is an agential construction institution appointed by the Executive Yuan. The contract statuses of 23 interim construction projects performed by CPA in 2003~2005 for Ministry of Education, Ministry of Justice, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of National Defense, Council of Agriculture, etc were investigated. By discussing the quality of the tender document for these construction projects, 18 reasons resulting in contract delay were proposed. In addition, by adopting the cause and effect diagram (CED), 5 major factors influencing the quality of tender document during planning/designing stages of a construction project were summarized in terms of budget appropriation, construction preliminary plan, designed illustration, construction budget statement, schedule management, and corresponding authority. These factors include plan, illustration, budget, schedule, and personnel. Based on these factors, countermeasures such as reducing the area, reducing the items or equipment, increasing the budget, changing the engineering method, extending the construction duration, downgrading material or equipment, etc were suggested. From the above-mentioned countermeasures such as reducing the area, reducing the items or equipment, increasing the budget, changing the engineering method, extending the schedule, downgrading material or equipment, etc, items that need special attention (as shown by the diagram in detail) during tender document quality examination were also investigated in this study in order to improve its quality during planning/designing stages of a construction project. The possible detrimental impact on the contract schedule as well as the quality of construction due to poor tender document will, therefore, be eliminated.