臺灣醫療人力分布視覺化分析與應用

Abstract

研究背景：醫療人力是實現全民健康覆蓋及永續發展目標的基石，且運用高品質健康數據，轉化為多個利害關係人有效使用，是達成永續發展目標之關鍵核心。臺灣醫療人力面臨分布不均及臨床人力不足等議題，因此需要建立具互動式功能之視覺化儀表板，以有效掌握醫療人力資源。 目的：本研究將蒐集國際上政府或官方機構在醫療人力的統計資訊、關鍵指標以及視覺化呈現方式，運用及整合臺灣醫療人力統計資料，藉由視覺化工具軟體設計及建置一個具互動性之視覺化儀表板。 方法：本研究首先比較分析各國視覺化儀表板，包括美國衛生資源與服務管理署（Health Resources and Services Administration, HRSA）、澳洲健康與老年護理部（Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care）及英格蘭國民醫療服務系統（NHS England）3個國家衛生醫療人力相關網站，並蒐集我國2014年至2023年醫療人力數據資料，運用Power BI視覺化工具軟體，呈現我國執業醫療人數與人力密度，並按縣市、年齡、性別及執業場所等不同變項分析統計。 結果：本研究所建置之視覺化儀表板，能提供使用者瞭解臺灣醫療人力的地理分布情形及人力數量變化趨勢。該儀表板具備篩選、下鑽分析及時間軸播放等互動功能，使用者可依不同區域、醫事職類及年度進行資料查詢與分析。此外，亦可針對偏遠地區之西醫師人力狀況進行監測，以作為評估政策執行成效之依據。 結論：本研究建置之互動式視覺化儀表板，能有效取代過去傳統靜態報表，使用者可透過地圖及互動式圖表快速掌握我國醫療人力變化趨勢與地理區域分布情形，惟本研究採用之數據，受限於政府對外公布資料之內容訊及更新頻率，完整性與即時性尚有不足。近年來，政府積極推動智慧政府政策，加速資料開放與整合，並導入數位工具輔助資料分析與統計，可進一步強化對醫療人力管理及監測功能，為建立永續且具韌性的健康照護體系奠定堅實基礎。

Background: Medical professionals is the cornerstone for achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The effective utilization of high-quality health data by multiple stakeholders is essential to advancing these global goals. In Taiwan, the healthcare system is facing challenges such as disparities in regional distribution of medical professionals and shortages in clinical workforce. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an interactive visualization dashboard that enables effective monitoring and management of healthcare workforce resources. Objective: This study aims to enhance the accessibility and interpretability of Taiwan’s health workforce data through the development of an interactive visualization dashboard. Methods: This study conducts a comparative analysis of health workforce visualization dashboards from three countries and collects Taiwan’s health workforce statistics to inform the design and development of a customized interactive platform. Results: The dashboard developed in this study enables users to understand the geographic distribution and changes in the number of healthcare professionals in Taiwan. It features filtering, drill-down, and timeline playback functions. Additionally, users can monitor the distribution of physicians in remote areas to assess the effectiveness of policy implementation. Conclusion: The interactive dashboard developed in this study effectively replaces traditional static reports, allowing users to quickly discover trends in Taiwan’s medical professionals and understand its geographic distribution through maps and interactive charts. However, the data used in this study are constrained by the content and update frequency of publicly available government datasets, resulting in limitations in data completeness and timeliness. In recent years, the government has actively promoted Smart Government Initiatives, accelerating data openness and integration while introducing digital tools to support data analysis and statistics. These efforts are expected to further strengthen the management and monitoring of the medical professionals and lay a solid foundation for building a resilient and sustainable healthcare system.