穆斯林社群在台灣的儀式及聚會中之吟誦經驗及音聲運用

Abstract

本論文主要是在探討台灣穆斯林社群在聚會及宗教儀式中之吟誦經驗與音聲運用現象。今日活躍於台灣伊斯蘭教圈的信徒主要是由四種族群組成，一是隨蔣介石領導之國民政府遷移來台的中國穆斯林，二是台灣本土出生之穆斯林，三是自泰緬申請來台居留的華僑穆斯林，四是來自世界各地旅居台灣之外國籍穆斯林。台灣多元的穆斯林成員結構生活在具有特殊政治背景的台灣社會環境下，發展出一套台灣穆斯林獨具的宗教性格與態度，亦影響了他們學習唸誦可蘭經的多元經驗。本論文後半部則是藉由詳細描述儀式中的音聲現象進而探討聲音是如何被運用來輔助伊斯蘭教儀式中每個階段的進行。

The Taiwan’s Muslim community is the focus of this paper. Principal field-data are composed of information collected from interviews conducted in six mosques over the past four years. What ideas of sound are found in current Islamic rituals in Taiwan? It addresses the question of how Taiwan Muslims use sound to enhance performance of rituals, and explores the particular functions of religious sound in Taiwanese Islam. What is the relationship between Taiwan’s politics, society and Muslims’ sound ideas? Do the Taiwan Muslims, who were born in different places, have varied sound practices and different reciting experience? I analyzed Islamic ritual sound from the perspectives of audible sounds and non-verbal movements. Verbal sounds include 'niyya'(establishing intention, 舉意), adhán (call to prayer), recitation, answering, and praying in the rites. Non-verbal movements include sitting still (靜坐), silent prayer (默禱)and body language during the religious service. Together, they complete the Islamic rites. I took the Friday prayer of Longgang Mosque (龍岡清真寺) in Zhongli (中壢) as an example to analyze the basic characteristics of reciting intonation, the relationship between the volumes, the ranges of the intonation of the recitation, the process of ritual and the actions of the worshippers. Besides, I tried to discover the “sound idea” within the context of Taiwanese Islam” and the diversified learning experiences of followers when it comes to reciting the Qur’án.