E-Defense十層樓鋼筋混凝土結構之振動臺試驗非線性行為模擬與驗證

Abstract

本研究旨在建立可靠的鋼筋混凝土結構非線性行為數值模擬與非線性動力分析方法，並以日本E-Defense於2015年進行之十層鋼筋混凝土結構振動台試驗作為驗證依據。本研究採用OpenSees作為數值分析平台，透過纖維斷面模擬梁柱構件非線性行為，結合以Scissor model概念建立的梁柱接頭元素與雷利阻尼模型進行非線性歷時分析。 研究首先蒐集既有文獻的梁柱接頭試驗結果，驗證Scissor model結合Pinching4材料及區間法計算接頭剪力強度之適用性；接著建立振動台試驗數值模型，探討接頭變形、材料強度設定、初始軸力與阻尼參數等建模變因對模擬精度的影響，並比較不同地震強度下的模擬準確度。此外，研究亦探討不同地震強度下的樓板反應譜模擬結果，檢視數值模型對非結構元件設計需求相關參數之模擬能力。最後，綜合比較試驗與數值模擬結果，提出本研究建議之數值建模策略，供未來進行鋼筋混凝土建築結構非線性模擬之研究者與工程師參考。

This study aims to establish a reliable numerical modeling and nonlinear dynamic analysis method for reinforced concrete (RC) structures, validated against the ten-story RC building shake table test conducted at Japan’s E-Defense in 2015. OpenSees was adopted as the numerical analysis platform, where the nonlinear behavior of beam-column members was modeled using fiber sections, combined with a Scissor model-based beam-column joint element and Rayleigh damping to perform nonlinear time-history analyses. The study first collected existing experimental results of beam-column joints to verify the applicability of the Scissor model combined with the Pinching4 material and the interval method for estimating joint shear strength. Subsequently, a numerical model of the shake table test was developed to investigate the influence of modeling parameters—such as joint deformation, material strength settings, initial axial force, and damping parameters—on simulation accuracy, as well as to compare the simulation performance under different earthquake intensity levels. In addition, the study examined floor response spectra under varying earthquake intensities to evaluate the model’s capability in predicting parameters relevant to the design of nonstructural components. Finally, based on a comprehensive comparison of experimental and numerical results, recommended numerical modeling strategies are proposed to serve as a reference for future researchers and engineers conducting nonlinear simulations of RC building structures.