請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件：
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/99374完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃榮南 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Rong-Nan Huang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 王克軒 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Charles Ko-Hsuan Wang | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-09-10T16:05:24Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-09-11 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2025-09-10 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2025-08-04 | - |
| dc.identifier.citation | 王惠鵬 1997。南投地區台灣鋏蠓之化學防治。台中市，國立中興大學，72頁。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/99374 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 臺灣鋏蠓為目前臺灣地區重要騷擾性衛生害蟲，對戶外活動及人類健康造成負面影響。目前主要以人體誘集法監測族群，防治方式則多仰賴化學藥劑，惟長期施用恐造成環境汙染及健康風險，急需研發監測及防治之替代方法。本研究旨在尋找影響臺灣鋏蠓成蟲行為及未成熟期生長之物理及化學因子，以評估其做為防治資材之潛力。結果顯示 (1) 土臭素 (Geosmin) 為具誘引蚊蟲產卵效果的有機揮發性化合物，1 ppm濃度的土臭素也具誘引臺灣鋏蠓產卵作用，無論在含食物來源 (小球藻) 與否的基質上，其誘引產卵率為32~33 %；而甜菜根萃取液具更好的誘引產卵效果 (46~63 %)，可做為土臭素的潛在替代來源，惟田間測試誘卵效果仍待改善。此外，聚二甲基矽氧烷 (Polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS) 為具蚊蟲產卵忌避作用的有機矽化合物，但對臺灣鋏蠓無顯著的忌產卵效果； (2) 在不同亮度 (400、800、1600 lux) 條件下，偏振可見光雖對臺灣鋏蠓雄蟲和未吸血雌蟲無顯著偏好影響，但在800 lux的水平偏振可見光對懷卵雌蟲可能具忌避作用； (3) 臺灣鋏蠓未成熟期均生活於土表，分析大坑 (高密度區) 和科博館 (中低密度區) 地區幼蟲孳生地土壤性質，包括酸鹼度、電導度、水分含量、質地%和可交換性陽離子濃度 (Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+)，使用多變量相關分析和複線性迴歸模型，評估與田間成蟲密度的相關性，顯示土壤中Na+濃度與田間成蟲密度呈負相關。(4) 仿間普遍認為苔蘚植物為臺灣鋏蠓發生根源，評估臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲於三種苔蘚植物 (真苔科、細鱗蘚科、羽苔科) 上的生長發育，顯示其化蛹率介於19.31~23.58 %，皆遠低於小球藻餵養組 (83.16 %)。雖提高藻類培養液中K2HPO4濃度4倍 (18.03 μM至72.10 μM)，可於24天增加2倍藻類數目，但CaCl2和K2HPO4濃度增加至0.5、1 M之後，會導致67~100 %和65~98.5 %的臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲死亡，然相同濃度之MgSO4對臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲生長則無影響。本研究初步建立多項具應用潛力之臺灣鋏蠓理化因子，有利於未來開發誘產卵與抑制幼蟲生長發育之綜合管理策略。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Biting midge, Forcipomyia taiwana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is a nuisance anthropophilic pest in Taiwan, and its bite can cause severe itching and anaphylactic reactions, adversely affecting residents and the tourism industry. Currently, population monitoring relies primarily on human bait traps, while chemical control remains the dominant strategy during their outbreak, posing risks to both the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of both ethical and environmentally friendly alternatives for monitoring and control strategies is urgently needed. This study aimed to identify physical and chemical factors that influence the behavior of adult F. taiwana and the development of its immature stages, in order to evaluate their potential for use in control strategies. The results showed that (1) Geosmin, a volatile organic compound known as mosquito oviposition attractant, significantly attracted oviposition of F. taiwana at a concentration of 1 ppm, with oviposition rate ranging from 32–33 % regardless of the presence of a food source (Chlorella vulgaris). Beetroot extract exhibited a higher oviposition rate (46~63%) and may serve as a potential substitute for geosmin, however its field efficacy requires further improvement. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a silicone-based compound that has been reported to act as mosquito oviposition deterrent, but it did not significantly interfere with the oviposition of F. taiwana. (2) Under different light intensities (400, 800, 1600 lux), polarized visible light had no significant effect on the behavior of males and blood-unfed females; however, horizontally polarized light at 800 lux may elicited an avoidance response in gravid females. (3) Field soil samples collected from Taichung Dakeng (high population density area) and the National Museum of Natural Science (low to medium population density area) were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, texture, and concentration of exchangeable cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺). Results from multivariate correlation analysis and multiple linear regression models revealed that a negative correlation between soil Na⁺ concentration and F. taiwana abundance in the field. (4) The pupation rates of F. taiwana larvae reared on three moss species (Bryaceae, Thuidiaceae, and Lejeuneaceae) were ranged 19.31~23.58 %, which were significantly lower than that reared on Chlorella vulgaris (83.16%). Increasing K₂HPO₄ concentration in algae medium (18.03 μM to 72.10 μM) could double the growth rate of algal in 24 days, however higher concentration of CaCl₂ and K₂HPO₄ (0.5, 1 M) led to 67~100 % and 65~98.5 % larval mortality, respectively. MgSO4 has no effect on the growth of F. taiwana larvae. These studies identified potential physicochemical factors affecting the growth of F. taiwana, which will facilitate the development of integrated management strategy against this blood-sucking midge. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2025-09-10T16:05:24Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2025-09-10T16:05:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i
謝辭 ii 摘要 iii Abstract v 壹、緒言 1 貳、文獻回顧 5 一、吸血蠓簡介 5 二、庫蠓幼蟲棲地與土壤性質之關係 6 三、臺灣鋏蠓基礎生物學和生態學研究 7 (一) 臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲孳生地與環境因子之關係 7 (二) 臺灣鋏蠓交尾和吸血活動之棲地 8 (三) 臺灣鋏蠓吸血活動之日週期和季節性族群變動 9 (四) 臺灣鋏蠓實驗室飼育 10 1. 幼蟲飼育基質和食性 11 2. 溫度對未成熟期生長發育之影響 12 3. 淹水和溼度對未成熟期生長發育之影響 13 4. 成蟲群舞和交尾行為 14 5. 雌成蟲人工餵血 15 6. 雌成蟲產卵基質 16 7. 雌成蟲產卵習性 18 四、臺灣鋏蠓防治策略之研究近況 18 (一) 臺灣鋏蠓防治藥劑 19 1. 傳統化學藥劑對臺灣鋏蠓之防治應用 19 2. 生長調節劑和微生物製劑對臺灣鋏蠓之殺蟲活性 20 (二) 臺灣鋏蠓棲地管理措施 21 1. 殺藻劑和微生物菌株抑制棲地藻類生長 21 2. 鹼性天然資材和覆蓋材料減少棲地可用性 21 3. 土壤改良劑和無機肥料對未成熟期生長之影響 22 (三) 昆蟲忌避劑對臺灣鋏蠓之個人防護及殺蟲活性 24 五、新穎吸血昆蟲物理防治方法之研究導向 26 (一) 視覺線索在吸血昆蟲之行為研究 26 1. 光波長和顏色感知對臺灣鋏蠓行為之影響 27 2. 偏振光 (Polarized light) 對吸血昆蟲行為之影響 28 (二) 觸覺線索在吸血昆蟲之防治應用 30 (三) 嗅覺線索 (化學傳訊物質) 在吸血昆蟲之行為研究 32 1. 吸血昆蟲寄主搜尋之氣味線索 33 2. 寄主氣味對臺灣鋏蠓之誘引效果 34 3. 吸血昆蟲產卵誘引之氣味線索 35 4. 產卵誘引氣味應用於臺灣鋏蠓之潛在開發方向 37 參、材料與方法 39 一、臺灣鋏蠓實驗室累代大量飼養 39 (一) 小球藻培養方法 39 (二) 臺灣鋏蠓成蟲和幼蟲飼育、繼代繁殖之流程 40 1. 臺灣鋏蠓親代採集 40 2. 雌蠓人工餵血 40 3. 雌蠓產卵環境建構 41 4. 幼蟲飼育和化蛹 42 5. 臺灣鋏蠓群舞和交尾 43 二、臺灣鋏蠓對土臭素的產卵偏好試驗 44 (一) 試驗用壓克力籠 44 (二) 雌蠓對不同濃度土臭素的產卵試驗 44 (三) 雌蠓對不同濃度土臭素的藻類基質的產卵試驗 45 (四) 雌蠓對甜菜根萃取液的洋菜膠與藻類基質的產卵試驗 45 (五) 甜菜根誘卵裝置田間試驗初探 45 三、臺灣鋏蠓對聚二甲基矽氧烷 (PDMS) 的產卵偏好性試驗 46 (一) PDMS劑量配置 46 (二) 雌蠓對不同PDMS基質數量的產卵試驗 46 四、臺灣鋏蠓田間幼蟲棲地土壤的物理和化學性質分析 46 (一) 臺中大坑和科博館地區之臺灣鋏蠓棲群密度調查 46 (二) 土壤採樣方法及前處理 47 (三) 土壤酸鹼度(pH值)測定：玻璃電極法 47 (四) 土壤電導度測定 48 (五) 土壤水分含量測定：重量法 48 (六) 土壤質地分析：比重計法 48 (七) 土壤可交換性鉀、鈉、鈣、鎂離子分析：中性醋酸銨法 49 五、臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲於田間土壤、苔蘚植物及無機鹽的飼育試驗 49 (一) 幼蟲於不同田間土壤基質的飼育試驗 49 (二) 幼蟲於不同苔蘚物種的飼育試驗 50 (三) 幼蟲於不同無機鹽處理藻液的飼育試驗 50 六、藻類於不同濃度無機鹽溶液的培養試驗 51 (一) 不同濃度無機鹽處理之藻類培養液配製 51 (二) 藻類濃度測定：血球計數測定方法 52 七、臺灣鋏蠓對偏振光的偏好性試驗 52 (一) 偏振光的行為偏好試驗裝置 52 (二) 臺灣鋏蠓對偏振光之偏好試驗方法 53 (三) 臺灣鋏蠓對不同偏振光背景之產卵偏好初探 53 八、資料處理與統計分析 54 肆、結果 55 一、建立實驗室大量臺灣鋏蠓族群相關飼育背景資訊 55 二、土臭素和甜菜根萃取液對臺灣鋏蠓產卵之偏好 57 三、PDMS對臺灣鋏蠓產卵之偏好 59 四、臺灣鋏蠓田間幼蟲棲地土壤之理化性質分析 59 五、田間土壤、苔蘚及無機鹽對臺灣鋏蠓幼蟲生長之影響 62 六、無機鹽對藻類生長之影響 65 七、臺灣鋏蠓對偏振光之偏好 66 伍、討論 67 一、飼育密度對臺灣鋏蠓生長發育之探討 67 二、土臭素和甜菜根萃取液對臺灣鋏蠓誘產卵之探討 69 三、PDMS對臺灣鋏蠓忌產卵效果之探討 70 四、田間土壤微環境因子對臺灣鋏蠓未成熟期生長之潛在影響 71 五、臺灣鋏蠓對不同偏振光特性之偏好 75 陸、結論 76 參考文獻 105 | - |
| dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
| dc.subject | 臺灣鋏蠓 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 產卵誘引物質 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 土臭素 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 孳生土壤性質 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 偏振光 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Polarized light | en |
| dc.subject | Forcipomyia taiwana | en |
| dc.subject | Oviposition attractant | en |
| dc.subject | Geosmin | en |
| dc.subject | Soil property of breeding site | en |
| dc.title | 物理及化學因子對臺灣鋏蠓生長之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of physical and chemical factors on the growth of Forcipomyia taiwana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 許如君;許正一;羅怡珮;黃旌集 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Ju-Chun Hsu;Zeng-Yei Hseu;Yi-Pey Luo;Chin-Gi Huang | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 臺灣鋏蠓,產卵誘引物質,土臭素,孳生土壤性質,偏振光, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Forcipomyia taiwana,Oviposition attractant,Geosmin,Soil property of breeding site,Polarized light, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 129 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202502330 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2025-08-07 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 昆蟲學系 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2030-08-03 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 昆蟲學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-113-2.pdf 未授權公開取用 | 6.19 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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