小分子胜肽促進植物生長潛力應用的研究

Abstract

化學肥料的過度使用已引發嚴重的環境問題，包括土壤劣化與溫室氣體排放等。本研究探討小分子胜肽作為永續替代方案的潛力，以期在降低化肥施用的同時維持作物生產力。生物刺激素（bio stimulants）作為新興農業投入物，能提升植物對土壤中養分的吸收效率，並增強作物在非理想環境下的適應力。在混作實驗中，芝麻菜（Eruca sativa）顯著促進了花椰菜幼苗的生長，暗示小分子胜肽可能在植物間作為訊息分子發揮作用，進而促進在共栽環境下的生長與發育。一種以禽羽與魚鱗為來源的胜肽型肥料也被應用於大豆栽培，並搭配降低化肥施用量進行測試，惟因溫室內光照不足導致植株黃化，影響了結果判讀的清晰度。為克服此問題，實驗引入滿江紅屬（Lemna spp.）作為模式植物。浮萍在不同光照與肥料條件下皆展現出高度靈敏且穩定的反應，使其成為進一步測試胜肽型生物刺激素的理想平台。整體而言，本研究支持小分子胜肽具備部分取代傳統肥料的潛力，並提出浮萍作為有效模型系統，有助於發展氣候智慧型農業。建構此一測試平台，有望銜接分子層級活性與田間應用間的落差，為開發新一代環保農業投入物奠定基礎。

The excessive use of chemical fertilizers has raised major environmental concerns, including soil degradation and greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores small-molecule peptides as sustainable alternatives to reduce chemical input while maintaining crop productivity. Bio stimulants, including peptides, are emerging agricultural inputs that can enhance plant nutrient uptake efficiency and improve crop resilience under suboptimal conditions. In a mix planting experiment, Eruca sativa (rocket) significantly enhanced broccoli seedling growth, suggesting the possibility that small peptides may act as signaling molecules between plants, potentially contributing to enhanced growth and development under co-cultivation conditions. A peptide-based fertilizer derived from poultry feathers and fish scales was tested on soybean alongside reduced chemical fertilizer input. However, etiolation due to low greenhouse light limited the clarity of the results. To address this issue, Lemna spp. (duckweed) was introduced as a model plant. Duckweed showed high sensitivity and consistency under different light and fertilizer conditions, making it a promising platform for peptide bio stimulant tests. Overall, the study supports the potential of small peptides to partially replace conventional fertilizers and promotes duckweed as an effective model system for further development in climate-smart agriculture. Establishing such a system would bridge the gap between molecular efficacy and field-level applicability, laying the foundation for a new generation of eco-friendly agricultural inputs.