以鑽石模型分析臺灣排球國際競爭力

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺灣排球國際競爭力，以Porter所提出的國家競爭優勢理論（鑽石模型）為基礎，建構臺灣排球國際競爭力模型並找出重要決策指標。首先透過回顧國內外排球運動發展及運動賽會經營之相關文獻為分析基礎，整理歸納後得到可能影響臺灣排球國際競爭力之評估指標。接著邀請18位產、官、學專家學者進行德爾菲專家一致性檢定問卷，確認構面及指標信效度並篩選出關鍵指標。最後運用決策實驗室分析法，分析各指標間的因果關係與相互影響程度，識別出影響臺灣排球國際競爭力的關鍵決策因素。 本研究最終確立5個構面以及19項評估指標，經由決策實驗室分析法分析得知位於第一象限之構面：「需求條件」以及評估指標：「完善的訓練場館」、「運動科學」、「運動醫學」、「企業球團財力資源」及「績優運動人才之獎勵」，中心度皆高於平均且原因度為正，代表具有明顯的主動影響力，是關鍵推動性的核心因子，建議優先強化與優化便能有效地影響其他指標；另一方面，第二象限中則有構面：「政府」以及評估指標：「教練具專業知識及素養」、「排球賽事精彩程度」、「國際賽事及技術交流」及「租稅優惠與獎勵措施」，其中心度雖不高，但都具有最高之原因度，代表其為驅動其他指標之關鍵因子，具有一定程度之重要性且影響力十足，若能加以改善便能有效帶動其他指標發展。 本研究結果對於政府於擬定相關政策時，在優先順序及資源分配上提供具體且有系統的參考架構，聚焦於實質且可推動的重點改善領域，有助於提升資源運用效率與政策施行的精準度，可做為政府對於臺灣排球發展重要參考依據，進而由上而下帶動排球展業發展

This study aims to investigate the international competitiveness of Taiwan's volleyball by constructing a comprehensive competitiveness model based on Porter's Diamond Model. Initially, relevant literature on the development of volleyball and the management of sports events, both domestically and internationally, was reviewed to identify potential indicators affecting Taiwan's international volleyball competitiveness. Subsequently, 18 experts from industry, government, and academia were invited to participate in a Delphi consensus questionnaire. This process served to verify the reliability and validity of the proposed model dimensions and indicators, as well as to screen for key factors. Finally, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was employed to analyze the causal relationships and interdependencies among the indicators, identifying critical decision-making factors. The final model established five major dimensions and 19 evaluation indicators. The DEMATEL analysis revealed that the dimension "Demand Conditions" and the indicators such as "Well-equipped training facilities," "Sports science," "Sports medicine," "Financial resources of corporate teams," and "Incentive programs for elite athletes" were above-average centrality and had positive cause degrees, indicating strong proactive influence. These were identified as core drivers and should be prioritized to effectively impact other indicators. In contrast, although the dimension "Government" and indicators such as "Coaches’ professional knowledge and competence," "Excitement level of volleyball events," "International competitions and technical exchange," and "Tax incentives and reward measures" had lower centrality, their highest cause degrees suggest they play a significant driving role and, if strengthened, could substantially stimulate the development of other factors. The findings of this study provide a systematic and practical framework for policymakers, offering a reference for prioritizing strategic areas and allocating resources efficiently. By focusing on feasible and actionable areas for improvement, this model can enhance resource utilization and policy accuracy, serving as a valuable basis for government strategies to drive the development of Taiwan's volleyball industry from the top down.