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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳景然 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ching-Jan Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 張怡君 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Yi-Chun Chang | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-19T16:07:50Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-20 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2025-08-19 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2025 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2025-08-07 | - |
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Cobos, "Advanced Control for Very Fast DC-DC Converters Based on Hysteresis of the ${C}_{out}$ Current," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1052-1061. [31] S. -Y. Huang, K. -Y. Fang, Y. -W. Huang, S. -H. Chien and T. -H. Kuo, "12.6 Capacitor-current-sensor calibration technique and application in a 4-phase buck converter with load-transient optimization," 2016 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC), San Francisco, CA, USA, 2016, pp. 228-229. [32] Y. -L. Chao, C. -J. Tsai and C. -J. Chen, "A 4-MHz Ultra-Fast Transient Response Capacitor Current Adaptive On-Time (CCAOT) Controlled Buck Converter with Passive Ramp Compensation," 2022 (IPEC-Himeji 2022- ECCE Asia), pp. 1511-1516. | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/98768 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本論文提出一種新穎的脈衝頻率調變（PFM）控制技術，應用於三階降壓型轉換器，旨在於寬廣的工作占空比與負載範圍內維持卓越的效率。由於此類交錯訊號轉換器在使用傳統的固定導通時間（COT）控制下，於轉換比（M）大於 0.5 的不連續導通模式（DCM）中無法隨負載調整其開關頻率，使得輕載條件的切換頻率與切換損失較高，本文提出延長導通時間（Ext.-Ton）的方法以應對此問題。此外，考量到三階降壓轉換器在 M > 0.5 區域採用 COT 控制時可能產生的不穩定性，以及 M 接近 0.5 時存在零電流漣波點，本文選用 ICAPQOT 控制作為主要調變策略，以無需外加斜坡的方式維持系統穩定運作。進一步地，本文亦提出一種基於 VLX 節點的感測技術，能於全占空比範圍內有效平衡飛行電容電壓，適用於連續導通模式（CCM）與不連續導通模式（DCM）。預模擬結果顯示，在 CCM 下的開關頻率為 2 MHz，而於 DCM 下則具可變頻操作，並於 20 mA 至 1 A 負載範圍內達到超過 90% 的效率。本晶片採用台積電標準 0.18 μm CMOS 製程實現。最終量測結果來自一顆結合離散功率級的控制器晶片，與IQCOT控制相比，展現 200%的暫態響應的回穩時間改善。並且與傳統固定導通時間（COT）控制相比， 於Vo/Vin = 1.8/2.5 且 Io = 20 mA 條件下達成 428% 的電感電流切換頻率下降，驗證了 ICAPQCOT 控制與延長導通時間模式之有效性。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | This work presents a novel control technique of Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) on a three-level buck converter, to keep remarkable efficiency within a wide range of duty cycle and loading. Since this interleaved signal converter with conventional constant on-time control cannot scale its switching frequency with load under discontinuous conduction mode when the conversion ratio(M) is larger than 0.5, leading to higher switching loss at light-load condition. Therefore, an on-time extension (Ext.-Ton) method is applied. Moreover, due to the instability when applying conventional constant on-time (COT) control to a three-level buck converter for M>0.5 and the presence of a zero-ripple point around M ≈ 0.5, the ICAPQOT control is selected as the primary modulation technique to maintain stable operation without the need for external ramp. Additionally, a VLX-based sensing technique is introduced to ensure effective flying capacitor voltage balancing in both CCM and DCM among full duty cycle. The pre-simulation results demonstrate a switching frequency of 2MHz in CCM and a variable frequency in DCM, achieving efficiency greater than 90% when load current ranging from 20mA to 1A. The chip is fabricated using a TSMC standard 0.18um CMOS process. The final measurement result is obtained using the controller chip combining with a discrete power stage, showing a 200% improvement in transient response compared to the IQCOT control. Furthermore, in comparison with COT control, a 428% reduction in switching frequency is achieved at Vo/Vin=1.8/2.5 and Io=20mA. These findings confirm the effectiveness of both the ICAPQCOT control and Ext.-Ton mode. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2025-08-19T16:07:50Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2025-08-19T16:07:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 i
中文摘要 iii Abstract iv Table of Content vi List of Figures ix List of Tables xvi Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research Background and Motivation 1 1.2 Comparing Topologies: Three-Level vs. Conventional Buck Converters 3 1.3 Research Objectives and Chip Specifications 7 1.4 Thesis Outline 9 Chapter 2. Review of Main Modulator 11 2.1 Review of Adaptive Constant On-Time Control on Three-Level Buck Converter 11 2.2 Review of Capacitor-Current Inverse-Charge-COT Control (ICAPQCOT) 15 2.3 Flying Capacitor Voltage Balance Control - Full-Range VLX Sensing 21 Chapter 3. Analysis of DCM operation in Three-Level Buck Converter 29 3.1 3-L Converter Small Signal Analysis in DCM 29 3.2 DCM Behavior in 3-L Buck Converters with Constant On-Time Control 38 3.3 Summary of Prior-Art Issues 44 Chapter 4. Concept of Proposed Extending On- Time Control 48 4.1 System Architecture of Proposed Three-Level Buck Converter 48 4.2 Concept of Proposed Extending On-Time Control 49 4.3 Behavior Verification by SIMPLIS simulation 58 Chapter 5. Circuit implementation 62 5.1 Impact of Process Corners and Temperature Variations in TSMC 180nm CMOS 62 5.2 Power Stage 64 5.2.1 Bootstrapped Circuit 64 5.2.2 Level Shifter 66 5.2.3 Start-Up 69 5.3 Controller Circuit 72 5.3.1 Voltage Controlled Current Source (VCCS) 72 5.3.2 Zero Current Detection (ZCD) Circuit 75 5.3.3 The Proposed Extending On-Time Control 80 5.3.4 Cap Sensor 81 5.4 Simulation Result 83 Chapter 6. Chip Measurement Results and Discrete Power Stage 88 6.1 Chip A (Full Chip w/Power Stage and Controller) 89 6.1.1 Chip Overview and Setup 89 6.1.2 Measurement Results and Limitations 98 6.2 Chip B (Controller Only, w/Discrete Power Stage) 104 6.2.1 Discrete Power Stage Implementation 105 6.2.2 Chip Overview and Setup 108 6.2.3 Measurement Results 114 Chapter 7. Conclusion and Future Works 137 7.1 Conclusions 137 7.2 Future Works 139 Reference 142 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.subject | 三階降壓式轉換器 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 脈衝頻率調變 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 不連續導通模式 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 導通時間延長控制 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 電容反向充電的固定導通時間控制 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 飛行電容平衡控制 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | DCM Operation | en |
| dc.subject | Three-Level Buck converter | en |
| dc.subject | Flying Capacitor Balancing | en |
| dc.subject | Capacitor-Inverse Charge COT | en |
| dc.subject | On-Time Extension Control | en |
| dc.subject | Pulse Frequency Modulation | en |
| dc.title | 應用導通時間延伸技術於三階降壓轉換器之改良型PFM控制策略 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | An improved PFM control scheme for Three-Level Buck Converter based on Ton Extension | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳耀銘;陳偉倫 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Yaow-Ming Chen;Woei-Luen Chen | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 三階降壓式轉換器,脈衝頻率調變,不連續導通模式,導通時間延長控制,電容反向充電的固定導通時間控制,飛行電容平衡控制, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Three-Level Buck converter,Pulse Frequency Modulation,DCM Operation,On-Time Extension Control,Capacitor-Inverse Charge COT,Flying Capacitor Balancing, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 145 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202503545 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2025-08-11 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 重點科技研究學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 積體電路設計與自動化學位學程 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2028-08-04 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 積體電路設計與自動化學位學程 | |
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