基於壓力感測之 XR 視覺回饋強化太極推手練習

Abstract

太極推手是一種強調細膩感知與內勁運用的傳統對練方式，其中「聽勁」能力對於理解與應對對方施力至關重要。然而，由於這種技巧主要靠長時間的感受和身體經驗累積，沒有明確標準可依，初學者通常不容易學會且難以量化，初學者往往難以掌握。本研究提出一套結合擴增實境（XR）與視覺回饋的訓練系統，以協助學習者在練習太極推手時更清楚地理解施力情況。我們開發了可穿戴感測袖套，內嵌壓力感測器，可即時量測對練時的接觸壓力，並將資料透過無線方式傳送至XR頭戴裝置進行視覺化。系統介面中包括動態壓力時變圖與對應手臂部位的感測位置圖，讓使用者能即時察覺自身施力情形。 我們亦透過高擬真的4D高斯潑灑技術建構虛擬教練，提供真實的動作示範，以提升學習效果。透過與太極教練的長期合作與示範實測，我們持續優化系統設計，並觀察到視覺回饋能有效幫助學習者覺察與調整動作與力道表現。未來將進一步進行正式使用者研究與硬體模組的精簡設計。本研究展示了傳統內家武術在數位技術輔助下的創新學習可能性，使抽象內勁原則得以具象化、視覺化與量化。

Tai Chi pushing hands is a traditional partnered martial arts practice that emphasizes sensitivity to subtle forces, known as Tīng Jìng (聽勁). However, due to its internalized nature, Tīng Jìng is difficult for beginners to grasp as it requires learning experience and hard to quantify objectively. In this work, we present an extended reality (XR) system designed to enhance Tai Chi pushing hands training by providing real-time visual feedback on applied force. Our system features wearable sleeves embedded with force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) that capture pressure data during practice and transmit it wirelessly to an XR headset. The headset interface visualizes the data using time-varying plot and a pressure mapping display on a forearm illustration, helping users perceive when and where pressure is applied. Additionally, we incorporate a photorealistic virtual coach captured using 4D Gaussian Splatting to assist learners in imitating correct movements. Through close collaboration with a Tai Chi coach and demonstrative sessions, we iteratively refined our system and observed its potential to support both skill development and self-awareness. While this study focuses on qualitative feedback, future work will involve formal user studies and hardware refinement. Ultimately, our system provides a novel approach to making the invisible principles of internal martial arts perceptible, measurable, and teachable through immersive technology.