糖廍經營與地方社會──以臺南大內楊家為中心（1890-1910年代）

Abstract

本研究探討晚清至日治初期，臺灣本地製糖業者如何在殖民地糖業政策推動下持續經營傳統糖廍。過去臺灣史研究，多從殖民政府或是日本製糖會社的視角出發，聚焦制度變遷對地方經濟與社會的衝擊，卻較少關注地方糖業經營者在制度轉型過程中的實際行動與調適。本文利用臺南大內楊家的家族文書，特別是糖廍經營期間的帳簿資料為核心，具體呈現明治後期本地糖廍經營者的製糖實踐及其在地方社會網絡中的角色。 本文的發現有三：其一，揭示臺灣傳統糖廍經營深植於地方人際關係與資源動員網絡之中，是形塑農村社會秩序的重要機制；其次，修正殖民糖業政策的線性敘事，指出糖業稅與原料區制度的推動，實際上歷經地方折衝與階段性調整，非如過往所描繪的由殖民政權單向主導、迅速取代傳統糖廍；第三，即便在原料區制度推行、傳統糖廍逐漸退出製糖體系之後，相關經營者仍透過在地人脈與協力角色參與其中，糖廍所形構的農村社會秩序並未立即瓦解，顯示其歷史影響的延續性。對此，本文嘗試以「後糖廍」時代作為詮釋框架，思考制度轉型下地方社會結構與人際網絡運作形態所面臨的變化與重組。

This study examines how local sugar producers in Taiwan continued operating traditional sugar mills under the colonial sugar policies implemented during the late Qing and early Japanese rule. Previous research on Taiwan’s sugar industry has largely focused on the colonial government or Japanese sugar corporations, emphasizing institutional transformations and their impacts on the local economy and society. However, the role of local sugar entrepreneurs and their adaptive strategies during this period of institutional transition has remained underexplored. Drawing on the family archives of the Yang family in Danei, Tainan—especially bookkeeping records related to their mill operations—this study reconstructs how traditional sugar production was organized and embedded within local social networks during the Meiji period. This research presents three major findings. First, traditional sugar mill operations were deeply embedded in local interpersonal relationships and resource mobilization networks, functioning as institutional mechanisms that shaped rural social order. Second, it challenges the dominant linear narrative of colonial sugar policy by showing that the implementation of the sugar excise tax and the raw material zoning system involved local negotiation and incremental adjustments, rather than a swift and top-down replacement of traditional mills. Third, even after the gradual decline of traditional sugar mills following the zoning policy, former operators continued to participate in the sugar economy through local influence and intermediary roles. The rural order shaped by the sugar mill system did not collapse immediately, demonstrating its lasting historical impact. To interpret these developments, this study introduces the concept of a “post-sugar mill era” as an analytical framework to explore how institutional transformation reshaped local social structures and network dynamics.