臺北市及八大國際城市開放資料平臺之評比：以使用者觀點出發

Abstract

隨著開放政府成為當代政府治理的重要趨勢，開放資料被視為提升政府透明度、強化公民參與、並促進創新治理的關鍵手段。而作為民眾取得政府資料的主要媒介，開放資料平臺的「易用性」與「有用性」對民眾實際使用意願與頻率具有直接且深遠的影響。 目前臺北市運作兩個開放資料平臺，分別為「資料大平臺」與「城市儀表板」。前者主要提供原始資料集下載，後者則著重於資料視覺化呈現。資料大平臺在2022與2023年連續獲得行政院主辦之「政府資料開放優質標章及深化應用獎勵」地方政府第一組第一名，顯示臺北市在資料開放的成效獲得高度肯定。然而，過去有非政府組織批評我國的開放資料為洗白式開放，且根據過去研究有使用者反映我國的開放資料取得管道複雜。故研究者認為，臺北市的兩個平臺實際功能是否足以協助使用者有效取得與運用資料，仍有深入探討的必要。 本研究透過文獻回顧、深度訪談與焦點座談等方式建構評估指標，並將使用者需求歸納為三大面向共八項指標，分別為：易用性（搜尋方便性、具導航性、檢視方便性、一致性、資料使用教學）、有用性（視覺化、使用與資料下載）、以及互動與回應性（互動與回應）。研究進一步選擇包含臺北市雙平臺在內的十個國際城市（如首爾、紐約等）之開放資料平臺進行比較分析。 評比結果顯示，臺北市雙平臺在十個平臺中表現略為遜色。資料大平臺主要缺乏視覺化功能，而城市儀表板則欠缺有效的搜尋與分類功能。兩者雖具有部分互補性，然在「互動與回應性」方面皆明顯不足，未能提供使用者反饋或參與資料建構的管道，凸顯當前開放資料平臺普遍忽略民眾需求回應機制的問題，為未來優化設計之重要課題。

As open government becomes a key trend in contemporary governance, open data is increasingly regarded as a crucial tool for enhancing government transparency, strengthening citizen participation, and promoting innovative governance. As the main medium through which the public accesses government information, the usability and usefulness of open data platforms directly and profoundly influence citizens' willingness and frequency of use. Currently, Taipei operates two open data platforms: the “Data.Taipei” and the “Taipei City Dashboard.” The former primarily provides downloadable raw datasets, while the latter focuses on data visualization. Data.Taipei won first place in the “Open Government Data Quality and Application Award” for local governments, organized by the Executive Yuan, in both 2022 and 2023—highlighting Taipei’s recognized achievements in data openness. However, some non-governmental organizations have criticized Taiwan’s open data practices as a form of “whitewashing” openness. Moreover, previous studies have shown that some users find the data access channels overly complicated. Therefore, this study argues that whether Taipei’s two platforms effectively support users in accessing and utilizing data remains a question worth deeper investigation. This research constructs evaluation indicators through literature review, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. User needs are categorized into three dimensions encompassing eight indicators: Usability (search convenience, navigability, viewing convenience, consistency, data usage tutorials), Usefulness (visualization, data usage and download), and Interactivity and Responsiveness (interaction and feedback). The study further conducts a comparative analysis of open data platforms from ten international cities—including Taipei’s two platforms and others such as Seoul and New York. The evaluation results reveal that Taipei’s dual platforms perform slightly less favorably compared to their international counterparts. The Data Platform lacks visualization features, while the City Dashboard suffers from inadequate search and categorization functions. Although the two platforms offer some degree of complementarity, both fall significantly short in the area of interactivity and responsiveness, failing to provide channels for user feedback or participation in data co-creation. This underscores a broader issue in current open data platforms: the lack of mechanisms for responding to public needs—an important challenge for future platform optimization.