美中貿易摩擦與半導體供應鏈之經濟訂購量分析 ：以杜邦公司為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討美中貿易摩擦對半導體供應鏈管理之影響，並以杜邦公司為個案，分析其在不確定環境下如何調整經濟訂購量（EOQ）策略以因應外部衝擊。面對中美關係惡化所帶來的關稅壓力與地緣政治風險，半導體產業供應鏈日益面臨高成本、高波動與高風險之挑戰。研究透過文獻回顧、產業資料分析以及Alnahhal等人（2024）所提出的不確定環境下EOQ十三項影響因素，檢視杜邦公司在庫存管理、供應來源分散、與需求預測方面之應對策略。研究結果顯示，杜邦透過提升安全庫存、強化在地供應鏈韌性與彈性訂購機制，有效降低供應中斷風險，並確保營運連續性。本研究建議企業應重新檢視傳統EOQ模型假設，導入風險調整參數與動態回饋，以提升在動盪局勢下的決策品質與資源配置效率。 透過此次研究，建議管理者應摒棄靜態思維，強化數據分析與動態調整，重視供應鏈韌性投資，並加強跨部門協同，以應對動盪的國際貿易環境 。本研究雖以杜邦個案為主，但其結論對面臨相似全球供應鏈不確定性的高科技產業，尤其是半導體相關領域，具有絕對的參考價值 。

This study examines the impact of the U.S.-China trade conflict on semiconductor supply chain management, using DuPont as a case study to explore how firms adapt their Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) strategies under uncertainty. In the wake of escalating tariffs and geopolitical tensions, semiconductor companies face mounting challenges of high cost, volatility, and supply chain disruption. Through literature review and industry data analysis, and by applying the thirteen EOQ impact factors proposed by Alnahhal et al (2024), this study evaluates DuPont’s strategies in inventory management, sourcing diversification, and demand forecasting. The findings suggest that DuPont has enhanced supply chain resilience by increasing safety stock, localizing supply sources, and adopting flexible ordering mechanisms. This study recommends that traditional EOQ models be revised to incorporate risk-adjusted parameters and feedback mechanisms, enabling more robust decision-making in an increasingly turbulent trade environment.

The study suggests that managers should abandon static thinking, strengthen data analysis and dynamic adjustments, prioritize investments in supply chain resilience, and enhance cross-departmental collaboration to cope with the turbulent international trade environment. Although this research primarily focuses on the DuPont case, its conclusions offer significant reference value for high-tech industries, especially in the semiconductor-related field, facing similar global supply chain uncertainties. Future research could delve into areas such as developing inventory models integrating resilience indicators, quantitative research on the impact of geopolitical risks on total logistics costs, research on dynamic joint replenishment strategies, comparative studies across industries and regions, and integrated research on sustainability and inventory strategies