使用里德-所羅門碼結合交錯器於無人機藍牙廣播之模擬分析與應用最佳化

Abstract

無人機在空中飛行時，會需要向外界進行包含其身份資訊、位置座標、飛行速度以及重要機敏資訊的廣播通訊。然而由於現實環境中存在著許多物理上的接收障礙，導致地面端在進行通訊接收時，會出現無法順利收到由無人機所發送出來的廣播通訊之情況。 本研究為了解決上述問題，提出了一套針對現實環境的圖資進行自動化取樣的流程方法，並針對台北市的圖資進行建築物的數據分析，以得出現實環境中存在的物理障礙物之分佈，並於此建築物真實分佈之數據集當中進行數值模擬，進而得出針對不同地區與高度的環境特徵。 本研究探討了在使用低功耗藍牙（BLE, Bluetooth Low Energy）的廣播系統中，加入串聯碼( Concatenated Code )的設計，透過兩組里德-所羅門碼（Reed-Solomon Code）以及交錯器（Interleaver）的整合，以處理在藍牙廣播通訊的過程中，出現叢發性錯誤（Burst Error）而導致資訊丟失的情況，並藉由真實世界圖資及數值模擬的方式，得出針對特定環境特徵相對應的推薦編碼參數組。 本研究成果為在給定真實的地圖資料後，能夠透過自動化框架進行建模，以取得該區域之隨機航線的建築物遮蔽數據，並且針對該區域與特定高度給出相對應的推薦編碼參數。最後以台北市大安區及萬華區進行模擬設計，計算結果顯示在建築阻擋率較高(12.85%)的大安區，其訊息接收成功率可以由25.55%提高到88.05%，而在阻擋率較低(6.38%)的萬華區，成功率也可以由50.5%提高到94.45%。

When drones fly in the air, they must broadcast their identity information, location coordinates, flight speed, and other sensitive data to the surrounding environment. However, ground receivers may struggle to receive these broadcasts reliably due to various physical obstacles in real-world environments. To address this issue, this paper proposes an automated sampling process for real-world geographic data. This process is used to analyze the building data of Taipei City to determine the distribution of physical obstacles. Numerical simulations are then performed on this real-world building distribution dataset to derive geographical characteristics for different regions and altitudes. Furthermore, this research investigates the integration of a Concatenated Code design into Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) broadcast systems. This design combines two Reed-Solomon (RS) codes with an Interleaver to handle burst errors that lead to information loss during communication. By leveraging real-world map data and numerical simulations, this study derives corresponding recommended coding parameter sets for specific geological characteristics. The contribution of this research is an automated framework that, given real map data, can model the environment to obtain building obstruction data for random flight paths within the area. Based on this data, the framework provides corresponding recommended coding parameters for a specific area and flight altitude. In simulations conducted for Taipei’s Daan and Wanhua districts, the proposed scheme markedly improved reliability. The results show that in Daan District, which has a higher building blockage ratio (12.85%), the message reception success rate increased from 25.55% to 88.05%. Meanwhile, in Wanhua District, which has a lower building blockage ratio (6.38%), the message reception success rate also improved from 50.5% to 94.45%.