臺灣主流媒體呈現形象與口譯員自身呈現形象之視覺分析

Abstract

近年來，口譯研究逐漸關注口譯員的專業身份與社會角色，包含口譯員對自身身份的看法與自我呈現、口譯員的大眾形象、以及媒體對口譯員的描繪，但上述研究鮮少涉足影像的視覺分析。本研究以Kress & Van Leeuwen (2006) 的「視覺文法」為框架，透過呈現 (Representation)、互動 (interaction) 與構圖 (composition) 分析2016至2024年間臺灣媒體與三位口譯員粉絲專頁中的相關照片，探討媒體描繪與口譯員自我形象呈現的異同。並透過半結構式訪談，了解口譯員對自我形象的看法及發佈照片的偏好。 分析結果發現，口譯員新聞與粉絲專頁相片皆以多人合照佔多數，但新聞傾向呈現口譯員與講者的單向互動，粉絲專頁則更強調雙向互動與合作的場景。鏡頭多使用中距與中近距，角度以水平變化為主。在構圖上，口譯員在新聞與專頁相片中多被置於側邊或背景，並非照片的焦點人物。本研究也發現新聞媒體具有明顯的權力關係與性別偏見，經常將口譯員描繪為附屬角色。這種現象在女性身上尤為明顯，媒體經常將她們描述為男性講者的附庸，並特別強調她們的外貌。相比之下，這種模式並未出現在手語翻譯或粉絲專頁的照片中。 訪談結果則發現口譯員希望呈現自身專業的形象，或是透過自己拍攝的照片讓觀眾一窺口譯員的視角，並破除可能的既有印象，但在發布相片的同時也會考量到保密與隱私問題，在自我呈現與專業素養中取得平衡。口譯員在發布照片時，雖未特別關注距離、角度與構圖等技術細節，但重視照片的美觀與專業形象的展現。同時，他們也會考量保密與隱私問題，以在自我呈現與專業素養之間取得平衡。本研究以視覺角度切入，希望能提供不同於傳統文本為主的觀點，讓大眾對口譯員身份與形象有更全面的瞭解。

In recent years, interpreting studies have increasingly focused on interpreters’ professional identity and social roles, including interpreters’ perceptions of their own identity and self-representation, their public image, and how they are portrayed by the media. However, such studies have rarely explored visual analysis of images. This study adopts Kress and Van Leeuwen’s (2006) framework of “visual grammar” to analyze photographs related to interpreters in Taiwanese media and on three interpreters' fan pages between 2016 and 2024. Through the lenses of representation, interaction, and composition, the study examines the similarities and differences between media portrayals and interpreters’ self-representation. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted to understand interpreters’ perspectives on self-representation and their preferences for photo-sharing. The analysis revealed that photographs in news reports and on fan pages were predominantly multi-person shots. However, news photos tended to depict unidirectional or non-interactive scenes between interpreters and speakers, while fan pages emphasized interaction and collaboration. Most photos used medium and medium-close shots, with horizontal angles being used more prominently. In terms of composition, interpreters were often positioned on the side or in the background, rather than being the focal point of the photos. The study also revealed distinct power dynamics and gender bias in news media, which often portrays spoken-language interpreters as secondary figures. This pattern was more evident for female interpreters, who were often depicted as subordinate to male speakers, with a notable focus on their appearances. In contrast, this pattern was not observed in photos of sign-language interpreters or those on fan pages. Interview findings showed that interpreters aim to present a professional image or share their perspective with audiences through their photos, challenging potential stereotypes. At the same time, they consider confidentiality and privacy issues when publishing photos, striving to balance self-representation with professional integrity. While interpreters do not pay particular attention to details such as distance, angle, or composition, they prioritize the aesthetic quality and professional impression of their photos. By adopting a visual perspective, this study offers an alternative to traditional text-based approaches, aiming to provide the public with a more comprehensive understanding of interpreters’ identity and image.