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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 薛馬坦 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Matan Shelomi | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃麟傑 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Lin-Jie Huang | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-11-28T16:30:40Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-11-29 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-11-28 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-11-15 | - |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/96272 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 登革熱一直是臺灣重要的公共衛生問題，此病已在近數十年來爆發過多次疫情。病媒蚊防治能夠防止或減緩登革熱疫情擴散，而使用合成殺蟲劑的化學防治是常用的防治手段。然而，過度使用合成殺蟲劑導致了害蟲抗藥性、危害非目標生物、長期汙染等問題。取自植物的殺蟲化學物質被認為是良好的化學防治藥劑替代品，因為藉由其複雜的作用機制、對人畜可能較為安全、可生物分解等特性能彌補合成殺蟲劑的問題。本研究目標為測試茵陳蒿(Artemisia capillaris)、棕葉狗尾草(Setaria palmifolia)、血桐(Macaranga tanarius)的萃取物對登革熱病媒蚊埃及斑蚊(Aedes aegypti)幼蟲的毒性。本研究室先前的研究顯示這些植物的萃取物對臺灣蛺蠓(Forcipomyia taiwana)具有忌避效果，但是其對蚊科的效果尚未被探討過。萃取物由這些植物的葉片經過冷凍、磨粉、以己烷和乙酸乙酯萃取而成，並在實驗室條件下，以不同的濃度測試其對埃及斑蚊幼蟲的殺蟲效果。測試結果顯示僅有茵陳蒿的己烷萃取物能作為有效的蚊蟲幼蟲殺蟲劑，其能夠快速擊暈幼蟲，且其在24與48小時內對埃及斑蚊幼蟲的半數致死濃度分別為187.60 ppm (v/v)與128.31 ppm。以氣相層析質譜儀分析各萃取物的化學成分的結果也顯示，和其他殺蟲效果較弱的植物萃取物相比，茵陳蒿己烷萃取物含有最多種被指出具殺蟲活性的化學物質。本研究的延伸方向包含測試化學協同作用的存在與否、探究殺蟲的作用機制、開發可實地應用的蚊蟲幼蟲殺蟲劑劑型。本研究也能對從植物中找尋殺蟲劑的生物探勘做出貢獻。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Dengue is a major public health concern in Taiwan, with multiple outbreaks in recent decades. Mosquito vector control is an effective way of preventing or mitigating the spread of the disease, and chemical control with synthetic insecticides is a common practice. Overuse of synthetic insecticides had led to problems such as resistance, non-target effects, and long-term pollution. Insecticidal chemicals derived from plants are considered good alternative options for chemical control agents due to their complex modes of action, potentially better safety to humans and domestic animals, and biodegradability. This study aimed to test the larvicidal effects of leaf extracts of capillary wormwood (Artemisia capillaris), palmgrass (Setaria palmifolia), and parasol leaf tree (Macaranga tanarius) against dengue vector yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti). A previous study in our laboratory suggested that extracts from these plants have repellency effects against biting midges (Forcipomyia taiwana), but their effects against mosquitoes were yet to be explored. The plant leaves were frozen, ground into powder, and extracted with hexane and ethyl acetate. These extracts were tested in laboratory assays against larval Aedes aegypti at different concentrations. Only A. capillaris hexane extract was found to be an effective larvicide, causing fast knockdown and having an LC50 of 187.60 ppm (v/v) at 24 hours of exposure and 128.31 ppm at 48 hours of exposure. Gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) determined chemical compositions of the tested plant extracts found that, compared to other less effective extracts, A. capillaris hexane extract contains the most chemicals reported to be insecticidal. This study may be further extended by checking for synergistic effects, exploring the modes of action, and developing mosquito larvicide formulations for field use, and the study can contribute to the bioprospecting for pesticides in plant-derived chemicals. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-11-28T16:30:40Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2024-11-28T16:30:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Verification Letter from the Oral Examination Committee i
Acknowledgements ii Chinese Abstract iii English Abstract iv Table of Contents vi List of Figures vii List of Tables vii Introduction 1 I. Importance of dengue, its vector, and vector control 1 II. Concerns regarding synthetic insecticides 2 III. Plant-derived chemicals as dengue vector control agent 5 Materials and Methods 9 I. Plant sample collection 9 II. Plant sample extraction 9 III. Plant extract solution preparation 10 IV. Mosquito rearing 11 V. Larvicidal assay 12 VI. Toxicity determination 14 VII. Plant extract chemical composition analysis 15 Results 16 I. Larvicidal assays 16 II. Effects of A. capillaris hexane extract on Ae. aegypti larvae 18 III. Known insecticidal compounds in the plant extracts 19 Discussion 28 References 34 Appendix 41 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.subject | 殺幼蟲劑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 血桐 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 棕葉狗尾草 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 茵陳蒿 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 植物萃取物 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 埃及斑蚊 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Artemisia capillaris | en |
| dc.subject | plant extract | en |
| dc.subject | larvicide | en |
| dc.subject | Aedes aegypti | en |
| dc.subject | Macaranga tanarius | en |
| dc.subject | Setaria palmifolia | en |
| dc.title | 三種臺灣產植物之萃取物對埃及斑蚊幼蟲的殺蟲活性 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Larvicidal activity of extracts from three Taiwanese plants on Aedes aegypti | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 113-1 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 杜武俊;林柏安;蔡坤憲 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Wu-Chun Tu;Po-An Lin;Kun-Hsien Tsai | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 埃及斑蚊,殺幼蟲劑,植物萃取物,茵陳蒿,棕葉狗尾草,血桐, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Aedes aegypti,larvicide,plant extract,Artemisia capillaris,Setaria palmifolia,Macaranga tanarius, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 47 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202404592 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-11-15 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 昆蟲學系 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 昆蟲學系 | |
文件中的檔案：
| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ntu-113-1.pdf | 1.06 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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