萬里加投溫泉地方之形構

Abstract

本研究聚焦位於臺灣新北市金山區、萬里區交界處的「萬里加投」，以溫泉為線索，展開此地的空間文本（text）。首先以歷史、地理資料探討有人類紀錄以來的溫泉地景的生成，其二是以現代性為線索，依據訪談與法規資料描繪此地溫泉業者與業者之間、溫泉業者與政府單位間的治理圖像、應對策略。其三則探問此溫泉地的居民、湯客，由於此地的溫泉空間，展示的情感與認識。透過三個由大到小的切入尺度，探索此溫泉地方的形成基礎，以及不同主體之間互動之張力。 本研究發現，1990年代末期我國實施週休二日政策，國家為追求觀光資源，將其視角望向溫泉，「金山溫泉」始常見於報章媒體。然而，「在萬里的金山溫泉」的含混紋理，使地方行政、觀光資源曖昧地投入溫泉產業。在土地空間與觀光產業管理制度的交織下，規範工具缺乏與地理空間發展脈絡溝通，進而建構出部分既存溫泉業者的違法性，而溫泉觀光主管機關對「違法」業者的「溝通輔導」，實為任其陷於彆扭狀態，欠缺有效解決方法。溫泉業者根據其自身利害，批判溫泉觀光規範管理邏輯的不一致，從此獲得自我合法性的認知。此外，影響萬里加投周邊溫泉市場的季節淡旺季、交通因素，讓不同規模的溫泉業者採取不同的資源利用策略與論述，亦牽動溫泉地景與產業發展方向。

This study focuses on "Wanli-Jiatou," located at the border between Jinshan District and Wanli District in New Taipei City, Taiwan, using hot springs as a thread to unfold the spatial text of this area. Firstly, it explores the formation of the hot spring landscape through historical and geographical data, tracing it back to the earliest human records. Secondly, from a modern perspective, it draws on interviews and regulatory documents to depict the governance dynamics and strategies between hot spring operators, as well as between these operators and government authorities. Thirdly, it examines the emotions and perceptions of the local residents and bathers, shaped by the hot spring spaces in this area. Through these three progressively narrower perspectives, the study explores the foundational elements of this hot spring locality and the tensions in the interactions between different stakeholders. The study finds that in the late 1990s, with the implementation of the two-day weekend policy, the government, in its pursuit of tourism resources, turned its attention to hot springs. "Jinshan Hot Springs" began to frequently appear in the media. However, the ambiguous association of "Jinshan Hot Springs in Wanli" led to a vague involvement of local administration and tourism resources in the hot spring industry. The interplay between land space and tourism industry management systems, coupled with a lack of regulatory tools and communication with the spatial development context, resulted in some existing hot spring operators being labeled as illegal. The hot spring tourism authorities' "communication and guidance" with these "illegal" operators often left them in an awkward situation, lacking effective solutions. Hot spring operators, based on their own interests, criticized the inconsistencies in the regulatory logic of hot spring tourism management, which led to their own sense of legitimacy. Additionally, factors such as seasonal fluctuations and transportation that affect the hot spring market around Wanli-Jiatou prompted hot spring operators of different scales to adopt varying resource utilization strategies and narratives, further influencing the direction of the hot spring landscape and industry development.