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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 歐陽彥正 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Yen-Jen Oyang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳淑鈴 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | Shook Leng Chin | en |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-09-16T16:15:28Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-09-17 | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2024-09-16 | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2024 | - |
| dc.date.submitted | 2024-08-01 | - |
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Moscote-Salazar, "Contralateral pupillary dilatation and hemiparesis: Kernohan’s notch revisited," Egyptian J. Neurosurgery, vol. 35, no. 22, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1186/s41984-020-00093-8. | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95752 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 準確和客觀的疼痛評估在臨床環境中至關重要，因為依賴主觀患者報告的傳統方法可能會受到個體疼痛閾值和溝通能力的影響。本研究探討了瞳孔動態，特別是綜合瞳孔反應指數（CPRI），作為疼痛客觀測量指標的潛力。作為概念驗證研究，本研究在全身麻醉、區域麻醉和局部麻醉的患者中進行了三次實驗，分析了瞳孔直徑和面積在疼痛刺激下的變化。通過使用先進的瞳孔計和頭戴設備，首先進行了基線測量，然後施加疼痛刺激。數據顯示，瞳孔變化與患者使用數字評定量表（NRS）和鎮痛傷害感受指數（ANImean）報告的疼痛強度之間存在顯著相關性。CPRI作為疼痛的強大指標，表現出與傳統測量方法的高度相關性。
本研究還強調了硬件限制，包括攝像頭距離問題。建議未來與更先進的硬件進行整合，以提高測量精度。目標是開發一種與各種硬件平台兼容的軟件即服務（SaaS）解決方案，提供一個多功能的疼痛管理工具。研究結果表明，這可能在臨床疼痛評估中帶來範式轉變，為醫療提供者提供一個改進患者結果和疼痛管理策略的客觀工具。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Accurate and objective pain assessment is crucial in clinical settings, as traditional methods relying on subjective patient reports can be influenced by individual pain thresholds and communication abilities. This study explores the potential of pupillary dynamics, specifically the Composite Pupillary Response Index (CPRI), as an objective measure of pain. Conducted across three experiments with patients under general, regional, and local anesthesia, we analyzed changes in pupil diameter and area in response to pain stimuli as a proof-of-concept study. Using advanced pupillometry and head-mounted devices, baseline measurements were taken followed by the administration of pain stimuli. The data showed significant correlations between pupillary changes and pain intensity, as reported by patients using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the Analgesia Nociception Index (ANImean). The CPRI emerged as a robust indicator of pain, with strong correlations to traditional measures.
This study also highlighted hardware limitations, including camera proximity issues. Future integration with more advanced hardware is recommended to enhance measurement accuracy. The goal is to develop a software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution compatible with various hardware platforms, providing a versatile tool for pain management. The findings suggest a potential paradigm shift in clinical pain assessment, offering healthcare providers an objective tool to improve patient outcomes and pain management strategies. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2024-09-16T16:15:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2024-09-16T16:15:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Table of Contents
誌謝 i Acknowledgement ii Abstract iv 摘要 v List of Figures viii List of Tables ix Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Research Focus and Objectives 3 1.3 Thesis Organization 5 Chapter 2: Background and Related Works 7 2.1 Physiology of Pupil 7 2.2 Historical Development of Pupillometry 10 2.3 Definition of Pain 14 2.4 Overview of Available Pain Assessment Methodologies in Clinical Settings 19 2.4.1 Objective Measures of Pain 24 2.5 Challenges and Limitations in Pupillometry for Pain Assessment 28 Chapter 3: Data, Device and Methodology 31 3.1 Specification of Ganzin SOL Glasses 31 3.1.1 Ganzin SOL Glasses SDK 33 3.2 Data Collection 36 3.2.1 Overview of Medical Procedures for Each Case Study 37 3.2.2 Custom-Built Data Collection Application for Pupillary Responses and Eye Movement 38 3.3 Methodology 50 3.3.1 Conversion of Pupil Measurements from Pixels to Millimeters 50 3.3.2 Justification for Post-Recording Conversion from Pixels to Millimeters 56 3.3.3 Introduction of Mathematical Equations and Logic 59 3.3.4 Statistical Methods 63 3.3.5 Explanation of NRS and ANI Analysis 65 Chapter 4: Experiments and Results 67 4.1 Experiment 1: Orthopedic Surgery on Right Ankle 67 4.1.1 Introduction to Experiment 1 67 4.1.2 Methodology Specific to Experiment 1 67 4.1.3 Results of Experiment 1 69 4.1.4 Analysis and Discussion 76 4.1.5 Additional Study 78 4.2 Experiment 2: Lumbar Spondylosis Treatment 86 4.2.1 Introduction to Experiment 2 86 4.2.2 Methodology Specific to Experiment 2 86 4.2.3 Results of Experiment 2 87 4.2.4 Analysis and Discussion 93 4.3 Experiment 3: Cervical Sympathetic Chain Block 98 4.3.1 Introduction to Experiment 3 98 4.3.2 Methodology Specific to Experiment 3 98 4.3.3 Results of Experiment 3 99 4.3.4 Analysis and Discussion 104 Chapter 5: Discussion 108 5.1 Comparison of Results Across Experiments 108 5.2 Interpretation of Findings 108 5.3 Implications for Clinical Practice 110 5.4 Challenges and Limitations of the Study 111 5.5 Contributions and Strengths 112 5.6 Recommendations for Future Research 113 Chapter 6: Conclusion 114 6.1 Summary of Key Findings 114 6.2 Contributions to the Field 114 6.3 Final Thoughts 115 Reference 116 List of Figures Figure 2.1: The constriction and dilation of pupil 7 Figure 2.2: NPi-300 automated infrared pupillometer 11 Figure 2.3: Historical diagnostic chart used in pupillometry, showing general characteristics, light/near reactions, anisocoria, and associated findings for conditions such as Marcus Gunn pupil, Horner's syndrome, cranial nerve palsy, physiological anisocoria, and trauma. 12 Figure 2.4: Disposable pen torch with pupil gauge 13 Figure 3.1: Ganzin SOL Glasses along with the application developed to detect pupillary area and diameter, as well as the lighting condition of the surroundings in pixels (px). 31 Figure 3.2: Overview of Main System Interface 39 Figure 3.3: Setting to choose from Record or Analyzing 40 Figure 3.4: User interface of the self-developed pupil monitoring software showing video rendering, data display, and pupil measurements. 40 Figure 3.5: Algorithm enhancement to include option to manually draw a box (yellow box on the right eye) when system fails to detect patients’ eyes automatically 47 Figure 3.6: Operational Adjustments for enhanced accuracy when collecting pupillary data 48 Figure 3.7: Video Frame Extraction 51 Figure 3.8: Manual Measurement of Diameter of Pupil 51 Figure 3.9: Verification Plot of Pupil Diameter and Area over Time 54 Figure 3.10: Grid Search for Optimal Weights 61 Figure 4.1: Baseline Data (CPRI) (case study 1) 69 Figure 4.2: Pain Data (CPRI) (case study 1) 70 Figure 4.3: Plot for Tukey HSD Test Results for CPRI (case study 1) 72 Figure 4.4: Plot for Tukey HSD Test Results for Diameter (case study 1) 73 Figure 4.5: Plot for Tukey HSD Test Results for Area (case study 1) 74 Figure 4.6: Pupillary Metrics (CPRI) Over Time (case study 2) 87 Figure 4.7 ANImean Over Time (case study 2) 88 Figure 4.8: NRS Over Time (case study 2) 88 Figure 4.9: Pupillary Metrics and NRS Over Time (case study 3) 100 Figure 4.10: Tukey HSD for CPRI (case study 3) 102 List of Tables Table 2.1: Neural Structures Involved in Pupillary Response 10 Table 2.2: Summary of Classification of Pain 17 Table 2.3: Overview of Pain Assessment Tools, Their Technical Characteristics, Scoring Systems, Application Areas, and Associated Issues 22 Table 3.1: Description of each blinking value 42 Table 4.1: Summary of Paired t-tests (case study 1) 71 Table 4.2: Summary of ANOVA Results (case study 1) 71 Table 4.3: Tukey HSD Test Results for CPRI (case study 1) 73 Table 4.4: Tukey HSD Test Results for Diameter (case study 1) 74 Table 4.5: Tukey HSD Test Results for Area (case study 1) 75 Table 4.6: Entropy, Mean and Standard Deviation (case study 1) 76 Table 4.7: Relative Changes in Pupil Diameter and Area (additional study 1) 79 Table 4.8: Relative Change in Diameter (additional study 1) 80 Table 4.9: Relative Change in Area (additional study 1) 81 Table 4.10: Composite Pupillary Response Index (CPRI) (additional study 1) 82 Table 4.11: Mixed Linear Model Regression Results for CPRI (additional study 1) 83 Table 4.12: Composite Pupillary Response Index (CPRI) Thresholds with number of significantly smaller and larger values (case study 2) 89 Table 4.13: Paired t-test for CPRI (case study 2) 90 Table 4.14: Tukey's HSD for CPRI (case study 2) 91 Table 4.15: Summary table of CPRI Entropy, CPRI Mean and CPRI Standard Deviation (case study 2) 93 Table 4.16: Composite Pupillary Response Index (CPRI) Thresholds with number of significantly smaller and larger values (case study 3) 100 Table 4.17: Paired t-test for CPRI (case study 3) 101 Table 4.18: Tukey's HSD for CPRI (case study 3) 102 | - |
| dc.language.iso | en | - |
| dc.title | 探索瞳孔動態作爲疼痛客觀測量方法：臨床工具開發 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Exploring Pupillary Dynamics as an Objective Measure of Pain: Development of a Clinical Tool | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | - |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 112-2 | - |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 孫維仁 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | Wei-Zen Sun | en |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林至芃;歐陽明;楊庭華 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Chih-Peng Lin;Ming Ouhyoung;Ting-Hua Yang | en |
| dc.subject.keyword | 概念驗證,瞳孔測量法,瞳孔動態,疼痛評估,瞳孔反應綜合指數 (CPRI),數字評定量表 (NRS),疼痛管理,麻醉,鎮痛傷害感受指數 (ANI), | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | proof-of-concept,pupillometry,pupillary dynamics,pain assessment,Composite Pupillary Response Index (CPRI),Numeric Rating Scale (NRS),pain management,anesthesia,Analgesia Nociceptive Index (ANI), | en |
| dc.relation.page | 123 | - |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202402426 | - |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | - |
| dc.date.accepted | 2024-08-03 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 電機資訊學院 | - |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生醫電子與資訊學研究所 | - |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2029-07-27 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生醫電子與資訊學研究所 | |
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