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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 生物資源暨農學院
  3. 農業經濟學系
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95702
完整後設資料紀錄
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dc.contributor.advisor羅竹平zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisorChu-Ping Loen
dc.contributor.author黃瀧琛zh_TW
dc.contributor.authorJANETTE WILLIAMSen
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-15T16:52:58Z-
dc.date.available2024-09-16-
dc.date.copyright2024-09-15-
dc.date.issued2024-
dc.date.submitted2024-08-12-
dc.identifier.citation1. Chinese References
500 輯 (500Times). (2023, March 9). 【星巴克 25 週年】台灣星巴克大事記——Yes! We are here together! https://500times.udn.com/wtimes/story/12669/7015165
文可璽. (Wen Ke-Yi) (2019). 臺灣咖啡誌. 麥田.
未來流通研究所 (Mirai Business). (2020). [產業競爭地圖] 台灣連鎖咖啡店 : 新外需箭頭 https://www.mirai.com.tw/taiwan-chained-coffee-shops-competition-map/
FamilyMart. (2018). Let's Café: Classic. https://nevent.family.com.tw/2018_letscafe/classic.html
Jimmy. (2022). 所謂的「公平貿易」是否真的公平?衣索比亞台僑在咖啡源頭端的業界經驗談 https://www.thenewslens.com/article/175936
Li, X. R. (2018, October 3). 中國星巴克勁敵 背後最火的台廠. 今周刊.https://www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/80408/post/201810030037/
Uni-Cophi. (2021, August 24). 千杯共享的共好!「統一 Cophi」以咖啡豆攜手臺灣餐飲業迎接挑戰. 天下雜誌. https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5117751
Wang, F. (2022, December 25). 台灣每人年喝 122 杯咖啡!如何把握仍在成長的咖啡館市場? [Each person in Taiwan drinks 122 cups of coffee per year! How to seize the still-growing cafe market?]. FoodNEXT. https://www.foodnext.net/column/columnist/paper/5357772897
2. Indonesian References
BPS-Statistics Indonesia (2022, November 30). Statistik Kopi Indonesia 2021 [Indonesian coffee statistics 2021]. Statistics Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2022/11/30/bb965eef3b3c7bbb8e70e9de/statisti k-kopi-indonesia-2021.html
Directorate General of Estate Crops. (2023). Statistical of National Leading Estate Crops Commodity 2021-2023. Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia.
Jiwa Group. (2024). Janji Jiwa. https://jiwagroup.com/en/brand/detail/1/JanjiJiwa/
KumparanBISNIS. (2019, December 6). Menguak strategi Kopi Kenangan, kedai lokal penantang Starbucks cs.
Kumparan. https://kumparan.com/kumparanbisnis/menguak- strategi-kopi-kenangan-kedai-lokal-penantang-starbucks-cs-1sOMjlInzL6/full
Kopi Kenangan. (2020). About us. https://kopikenangan.com/about
Lintang, I. (2024, March 27). Kedai kopi paling terkenal di Indonesia. Inilah. https://www.inilah.com/kedai-kopi-paling-terkenal-di-indonesia
Nestlé Indonesia. (2022). Keistimewaan kopi Mandailing. NESCAFÉ Indonesia. https://www.nescafe.com/id/artikel/keistimewaan-kopi-mandailing
Yoliawan H., 2018. PDB naik, pajak makin tinggi. Kontan.co.id. https://analisis.kontan.co.id/news/pdb-naik-pajak-makin-tinggi
3. English References
ASEAN Briefing. (2023, June 7). ASEAN’s free trade agreements: An overview. ASEAN Briefing. https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/aseans-free-trade-agreements-an- overview/
Asian Development Bank. (2015). Asia’s free trade agreements: How is business responding?https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/159340/adbi-asia-free-trade- agreements.pdf
Akram, H. W., & Kashif, M. (2021). Trade creation, trade diversion, and consumer surplus in
ASEAN-India free trade agreement: A single market partial equilibrium approach. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20 (Special Issue 6), 1-10.
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). (2021). Free trade agreements with dialogue partners. ASEAN. https://asean.org/free-trade-agreements-with-dialogue partners/
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). (2024). https://asean.org/about-asean/ Beck, K. (2023, March 26). The reason Starbucks only uses Arabica coffee beans. Tasting
Table. https://www.tastingtable.com/1234612/the-reason-starbucks-only-uses-arabica-coffee-beans/
Brooks, D. H., & Hua, C. (2008). The impact of ACFTA on People's Republic of China's trade and investment (ADB Working Paper Series on Regional Economic Integration No. 99). Asian Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/29908/wp99-impact-acfta-prc- asean-trade.pdf
Chan Chao International Co., Ltd. (2023). 2023 Coffee Show Report. https://www.chanchao.com.tw/coffee/downloads/2023ShowReportEn.pdf
Coffee Behind the Scenes. (2019, November 14). Coffee in Colombia. Coffee behind the scenes. http://www.coffeebehindthescenes.com/en/country/colombia
Datagro. (2024). World coffee consumption in this 2023/24 harvest is expected to increase by 1.7%. Datagro. https://portal.datagro.com/en/3/coffee/840286/world-coffee-consumption-in-this- 202324-harvest-is-expected-to-increase-by-
Darmanto, E. B., Handoyo, R. D., & Wibowo, W. (2021). The impact of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) on Indonesia's major plantation export commodities. Business: Theory and Practice, 22(1), 91–97. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2021.13205.
Fairtrade America. (2022). Coffee Impact Report 2021. https://www.fairtradeamerica.org/why-fairtrade/global-impact/reports-trends/coffee- impact-report-2021/
Gilbert, J. (2017). Trade Facilitation Handbook Part I. United Nations Economic and Social
Commission for Asia and the Pacific. https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/09_PE_I.pdf
Gomez, L. (2023). (rep.). Coffee Semi-annual. Bogota, Colombia: USDA.
Gonzalez-Perez, M. A., & Gutierrez-Viana, S. (2012). Cooperation in coffee markets: The case of Vietnam and Colombia. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/243459307_Cooperation_in_coffee_markets_The_case_of_Vietnam_and_Colombia
Hall, C., & Teixeira, M. (2023, December 29). China’s new thirst for coffee spurs cut-throat café competition. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chinas-new- thirst-coffee-spurs-cut-throat-cafe-competition-2023-12-29/
International Coffee Organization (ICO). (2020). Coffee Development Report 2020: The Value of Coffee: Sustainability, Inclusiveness, and Resilience. https://www.ico.org/documents/cy2020-21/ed-2357e-cdr-2020.pdf
International Coffee Organization (ICO). (2021). Coffee Development Report 2021: The Future of Coffee. International Coffee Organization. https://www.ico.org/documents/cy2022-23/coffee-development-report-2021.pdf
International Coffee Organization (ICO). (2021). World coffee consumption. https://www.ico.org/prices/new-consumption-table.pdf
International Coffee Organization (ICO). (2022). Coffee Market Report - December 2022 (No.CMR-1222-E). https://www.ico.org/documents/cy2022-23/cmr-1222-e.pdf
International Comunicaffe. (2016, March 7). Ethiopia: Inequality in global coffee market discourages farmers. Comunicaffe International. https://www.comunicaffe.com/ethiopia-inequality-in-global-coffee-market- discourages-farmers/
International Comunicaffe. (2023, November 22). Colombia’s coffee production fell to 10.7 million bags (-9.3%) in CY 2022/23 due to La Niña. Comunicaffe International. https://www.comunicaffe.com/colombia-coffee-production-fell-to-10-7-million-bags- 9-3-in-cy-2022-23/
International Trade Administration. (2024). Harmonized System (HS) Codes. U.S. Department of Commerce. https://www.trade.gov/harmonized-system-hs-codes
Kalmanoff, G (1968). The coffee economy of Colombia (English). Staff working paper ; no.SWP 15, Washington, D.C.: World Bank Group http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/768001468248964025/The-coffee- economy-of-Colombia
LavAzza. (2022). The difference between the type of Arabica and Robusta coffee. Lavazza. https://www.lavazza.co.uk/en/coffee-secrets/difference- type-arabica-robusta-coffee
National Coffee Association (NCA) USA. (2024). About the coffee: Arabica vs Robusta. National Coffee Association (NCA) USA. (2024). What is coffee?. National Coffee Association USA. https://www.ncausa.org/About-Coffee/What-is-Coffee
Neill, A. (2023, September 24). Colonialism and coffee. Bean Voyage. https://www.beanvoyage.org/blog/colonialism-and-coffee
Neilson, J. (2013). The value chain for Indonesian coffee in a green economy. School of
Geosciences, University of Sydney, Australia. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/133372-EN-the-value-chain-for- indonesian-coffee-in.pdf
Rojas, C. (2024, April 29). The Coffee Crisis in Colombia: Challenges and controversies.
Almacena Platform. https://www.almacenaplatform.com/uncategorized/the-coffee- crisis-in-colombia-challenges-and-controversies/
Saenz, M., Alvarez, D., & Brock, G. (2021). Lessons from long-run (1975–2017) structural change in Colombia's coffee production. Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, 50(2), 201-225. https://doi.org/10.1017/age.2021.6
Shen, M.-Y. (2005), Ka Fei Shi Dai (All about the Coffee Houses in Taiwan), Walkers Culture, Taipei.
Smith, B. (2022, December). The forecasts are wrong, India’s coffee industry is not growing. https://intelligence.coffee/2022/12/india-coffee-industry-is-not-growing/
Slipchenko, N. (2021). The bit•ter taste of cof•fee short•ages. https://asmith.ucdavis.edu/news/bitter-taste-coffee-shortages.
Taipei Times. (2021, August 31). Taiwan’s coffee industry has grown 16-fold in a decade.
Taipei Times. Retrieved June 24, 2024, from https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2021/08/31/2003763532
USDA. (2023). Indonesia: Coffee Annual. https://fas.usda.gov/data/indonesia-coffee-annual-7
Vaidya, M. (2020, August 28). Tea, coffee, and India Inc. MarketFeed. https://www.marketfeed.com/read/en/tea-coffee-and-india-inc
Varma, S. (2015). International Business. Pearson Education India.
Viner, J. (1950). Customs union theory. New York: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
Wang, S. Ph.D., (2018). Domesticating the Foreign: Re-making Coffee in Taiwan. Journal of International Economic Studies (2018), 32, 89–102. http://hdl.handle.net/10114/14226
World Population Review. (2024). Coffee consumption by country 2024. World Population Review. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country- rankings/coffee-consumption-by-country
WTO (2012). World Trade Report 2011. https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/booksp_e/anrep_e/world_trade_report11_e.pdf
Yang, S., & Martinez-Zarzoso, I. (2014). A panel data analysis of trade creation and trade diversion effects: The case of ASEAN–China Free Trade Area. China Economic Review, 29, 138–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.03.011
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. Yin, R. K. (2017). Case study research and applications: Design and methods. SAGE Publications. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0038022920970318#bibr41- 003802292097031
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/95702-
dc.description.abstractNONEzh_TW
dc.description.abstractTaiwan’s coffee consumption ranking has been climbing up to its highest level in history, with coffee shops available around every nook and cranny of the streets. Despite Indonesia being the world’s fourth-largest coffee producer and top 13th of Taiwan’s trade partners, Indonesian coffee remains scarce in Taiwan. This study aims to treat this diminishing Indonesian coffee existence in Taiwan as an explanatory study case to be investigated by providing different reasoning.

The initial hypothesis refers to the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) signed in 2002, which may have redirected Indonesian coffee exports from Taiwan to China. However, the lack of immediate impact from ACFTA suggest other factors influencing this situation, such as changing market preferences in both Taiwan and Indonesia. Taiwan’s coffee culture evolved significantly in the 21st century, influenced heavily by Western chains like Starbucks, which popularized Arabica coffee. This could have shifted local distributors’ attention to other producing countries with more Arabica beans at a cheaper price. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, rising domestic demand and unstable supply due to extreme weather have affected coffee production. The expansion of local grab-and-go coffee chains increased domestic consumption, reducing the availability for export.

The study is concluded with policy discussions for Indonesia government to help smallholder farmers get Fairtrade certification. Additionally, both countries could renew a bilateral agreement to strengthen coffee trade, with Taiwan offering agricultural technologies in exchange for a stable supply of high-quality Arabica coffee from Indonesia.
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dc.description.tableofcontents口試委員會審定書 i
Abstract ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Figures v
1. Introduction 1
1.1 The Colonization Drink Transformation to World’s Most Beloved Beverage 2
1.2 Getting to Know Arabica and Robusta Coffee 3
1.3 Coffee in Indonesia 4
1.4 Indonesian Coffee in Taiwan 6
1.5 History of Free Trade Agreements Implementations among Asian Countries 7
1.6 Research Motivation 8
2. Literature Review 10
2.1 Trade Creation and Diversion after Free Trade Agreement Implementation 10
2.2 Study Cases of Coffee Markets 13
2.3 Coffee Trade Creation and Diversion Treated as Study Case 14
3. Methodology 15
4. The Birth of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) 19
4.1 Indonesia’s Coffee Exports Development 19
4.2 The Establishment of ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) 20
4.3 The Analysis of Indonesian Coffee Import Trend Between China and Taiwan 22
4.4 Changes in Taiwan’s Top Coffee Importers 27
4.5 Insights on the Taiwanese Coffee Market from Taiwan International Coffee Show 28
4.6 Taiwanese Local Coffee Distributors Opting for Arabica Producing Countries 32
5. Market-driven Taiwanese Coffee Preference 34
5.1 Coffee Beans in 19th and 20th Century Taiwan 36
5.2 Welcoming Starbucks to Taiwan 38
5.3 Taiwan says Hi Arabica and Bye Robusta 40
5.4 Taiwan’s Main Coffee Importers Focus on South America and Africa Suppliers 42
5.5 Unfair Trade and Price Negotiation: Ethiopia 46
5.6 Unfair Trade and Price Negotiation: Colombia 48
6. Indonesia’s Domestic Production and Consumption 50
6.1 Extreme Weather Affected Coffee Production Quantity and Quality 50
6.2 Domestic Contemporary Coffee Chains Build Higher Consumption 52
6.3 Indonesian Coffee Industry Faced with Supply Shock 57
7. Conclusion 62
8. References 62
8.1 Chinese References 62
8.2 Indonesian References 63
8.3 English References 63
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dc.language.isoen-
dc.title印尼咖啡在台灣: 貿易移轉與市場偏好zh_TW
dc.titleIndonesian Coffee in Taiwan: Trade Diversion and Market Preferencesen
dc.typeThesis-
dc.date.schoolyear112-2-
dc.description.degree碩士-
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee雷立芬;許淑媖zh_TW
dc.contributor.oralexamcommitteeLi-Fen Lei;Suying Hsuen
dc.subject.keyword台灣咖啡市場,印尼咖啡出口,台灣咖啡進口,東盟-中國自由貿易協定(ACFTA),市場偏好,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordTaiwan coffee market,Indonesian coffee exports,Taiwan’s coffee imports,ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA),market preferences,en
dc.relation.page68-
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU202404084-
dc.rights.note同意授權(全球公開)-
dc.date.accepted2024-08-13-
dc.contributor.author-college生物資源暨農學院-
dc.contributor.author-dept農業經濟學系-
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