產銷履歷經營業者導入碳足跡標籤之行為意圖探討

Abstract

隨著全球氣候變遷對環境、經濟、社會帶來前所未有的挑戰，減少溫室氣體排放，特別是碳足跡的管理，成為世界各國以及企業面臨的重要課題。在臺灣，農業作為經濟活動的重要組成部分，其碳足跡管理不僅關係到農業的永續發展，也是提升產品競爭力、實現環境保護目標的關鍵。本研究聚焦於產銷履歷經營業者對於碳足跡導入的行為意圖，旨在了解影響其導入碳足跡計算與管理系統意願的因素。 本研究基於計畫行為理論（Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB）作為理論基礎，透過量化調查的方式，收集產銷履歷經營業者對於碳足跡導入的態度、受到的主觀規範壓力、以及自我效能與控制能力的影響。研究方法包括問卷設計與發放，針對全國產銷履歷經營業者進行調查，最終回收238份有效問卷。統計分析方法包括內部一致性信度分析、敘述性統計分析、變異數分析和多元迴歸分析。 研究結果顯示，經營業者對於碳足跡導入的態度、主觀規範、自我效能及控制能力的平均得分均較高，顯示受訪者普遍支持碳足跡標籤的導入。變異數分析結果顯示，不同年齡、教育程度及經營年資對於碳足跡導入意圖有顯著影響，其中年齡較大的經營者和具有高等教育背景的經營者，其導入意圖較為強烈。多元迴歸分析結果表明，態度、控制能力、經濟誘因與教育輔導對於碳足跡導入意圖具有顯著影響，特別是教育輔導的影響最為顯著，證明對於產銷履歷經營業者教育輔導的投入與推廣對於經營者行為意圖有重要作用。 此外，研究亦探討經營業者在實際操作碳足跡計算與管理時可能遭遇的困難與挑戰，包括技術、知識、成本與政策等方面的障礙，並提出具體有幫助的解決策略和可行方案。研究成果可成為政策制定者、產業界提供實證依據，以加速促進碳足跡管理策略制定和實施，同時也為學術研究提供新的理論與實務見解，共同推動農業領域向永續發展邁進。

As global climate change poses unprecedented challenges to the environment, economy, and society, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon footprint management, has become a crucial issue for countries and enterprises worldwide. In Taiwan, agriculture is an essential component of economic activity. Effective carbon footprint management in agriculture not only relates to the sustainable development of the sector but also enhances product competitiveness and achieves environmental protection goals. This study focuses on the behavioral intentions of agricultural production and marketing traceability operators regarding the adoption of carbon footprint systems, aiming to understand the factors influencing their willingness to implement carbon footprint calculation and management systems. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this research collects quantitative data on operators' attitudes towards carbon footprint adoption, the subjective normative pressures they face, and their perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy. The research methodology includes questionnaire design and distribution, targeting nationwide agricultural production and marketing traceability operators. A total of 238 valid questionnaires were collected. Statistical analysis methods include internal consistency reliability analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, variance analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results indicate that the average scores for attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and perceived behavioral control regarding carbon footprint adoption are relatively high, showing general support among respondents for the introduction of carbon footprint labeling. Variance analysis results reveal significant effects of different age groups, educational levels, and years of operation on the intention to adopt carbon footprint systems, with older operators and those with higher education backgrounds showing stronger intentions. Multiple regression analysis results show that attitudes, perceived behavioral control, economic incentives, and educational guidance significantly influence the intention to adopt carbon footprint systems, with educational guidance having the most substantial impact. This underscores the importance of investing in and promoting educational guidance for operators. Furthermore, the study explores the practical difficulties and challenges operators may face when implementing carbon footprint calculation and management, including technical, knowledge, cost, and policy barriers. It also provides specific helpful strategies and feasible solutions. The research findings can serve as empirical evidence for policymakers and the industry to accelerate the formulation and implementation of carbon footprint management strategies. Additionally, it offers new theoretical and practical insights for academic research, contributing to the advancement of sustainable development in agriculture.