三軸向加速規在森林步道行走能量消耗之研究

Abstract

近年來，國民生活水準提升，肥胖與慢性病隨之而來，儼然成為國民健康的重要議題，配合日趨發達森林步道活動，可以減輕身體多餘的負擔；如何妥善的規劃步道活動，其相關資訊的提供就顯得相當重要；活動能量消耗在步道路線的選擇規劃中，是一項重要的環節，在能量消耗資訊不充足的情況下，可能直接衝擊使用者對步道的觀感，也造成時間及體力的浪費。步道能量消耗是屬於非實驗室的研究，必須考慮許多因子，如步道起伏不一、行走速度不同等。本研究透過三軸向的身體活動感測器取得行走於步道的活動能量消耗值，以台北市福州山登山，藤枝、太平山森林遊樂區，以及烏來加九寮景觀大橋周邊步道為例，分析不同的坡率、行走速度、儀器佩帶位置、施測個體，以及步道特性對能量消耗的影響，建立出具有可信度的步道能量消耗模式。 研究發現使用的能量評估儀器，RT3三軸向加速規(RT3 Tri-axial Accelerometer, RT3)在高速度與高坡率下的感測不靈敏，在相同坡率、速度條件下，RT3在野外斜坡測試之活動能量消耗高於跑步機；試驗最佳佩帶位置為下背部，相較於左、右髖，C.V.值最小，對能量消耗的重複實驗，能有穩定的結果，而不同個體進行施測，在經過步頻統一後，可測得一樣的結果；模式的活動能量消耗最小值發生在坡率0%，會隨坡率變陡而增加，在同坡率中，下坡活動能量消耗大於上坡活動能量消耗，若加入位能影響因子的評估，則上坡大於下坡的活動能量消耗；隨著各步道設計不同，在硬性鋪面的活動能量消耗會比軟性鋪面高。從研究的過程可以知道，使用RT3測得的活動能量消耗值會隨許多變數而有所不同，本模式即扮演了一項基礎的比較平台，可以提供各因子的檢視。

Recently, the living standard improves, rising the problems of obese and chronic disease. Fortunately, good life conditions gave us more recreation chances as well. Forest experience is a pretty popular one. Through the forest trail walking, it will lose your pounds, if you get enough energy consumption information. Besides, make your travel planning efficient. This study explored on two treadmills and on the fields in the Taipei urban forest, Tengjhih and Taipingshan National Forest Recreation Areas. We found that the RT3 tri-axial accelerometer (RT3) detect weakly at the highest walking speed (7 kph) and steeper slope (> 20%), which might reduce our feasibility and reliability. A treadmill experiment was not applicative for our study because its energy expenditure was less than the field. As a result, we adopted 3-kph walking speed with RT3 low-back worn, and controlled the step frequency well on the field to build the 2nd-order polynomial regression at uphill and downhill slopes each (R2 > 0.99). The minimum energy expenditure occurred on the level and increased with the steeper slope. Different individuals had different activity energy consumption and a hard pavement of a trail tended to cost higher energy. RT3 estimated that the activity energy at uphill slopes was lower than at downhill ones, but if we take the potential energy into account, it will be reversed. From the experiment process, we might say that our model acted a comparison platform that offered the looking over of every factor.