臺灣使用者對 Facebook 公開資訊典藏之意見調查

Abstract

社群媒體在當代社會扮演舉足輕重的角色，是當代人發表自身意見的重要平台之一。然而社群媒體是十分脆弱容易消逝的資料，無論是因為使用者本人刪除、社群媒體公司進行資料移轉或倒閉，都可能讓這些承載著社會文化一角的資料瞬間不見。在國外已經有針對社群媒體典藏的計畫，然而臺灣對於此典藏尚未有太多討論的聲音，因此本研究旨在探討臺灣Facebook使用者對於 Facebook 上公開資訊的典藏態度，以及 Facebook使用行為與人口變項是否與典藏態度、保存與開放條件具有關聯性。 本研究採用問卷調查法，總有效樣本為 400 份，透過網路問卷蒐集台灣Facebook使用者對 Facebook 上不同帳號來源公開資訊的感知公開性、可保存性以及典藏價值的態度為何，以及不同的使用行為、人口變項與典藏態度的關聯為何。研究結果顯示大部分填答者認為Facebook上公開的資訊應被視為公開，但對於這些資料是否具有可保存性的態度存在分歧。在典藏價值的態度判斷上，填答者對於不同資訊內容的典藏價值看法不一，發文者的貼文主文、回應與互動被高度認可具有典藏價值，人際網絡以及帳號資訊則不被認可具有典藏價值。整體而言，典藏態度的贊同程度逐漸下滑，顯示填答者在典藏態度上越顯保守。而在使用行為上，高頻率使用者、潛水者或是私密型使用者、曾為粉絲專頁小編或公開社團管理員，對於典藏態度較為開放；在人口變項上，男性、年輕族群對於典藏態度則較為開放。而在保存條件上，填答者們普遍反對不必知會所有人就能進行保存任何內容。在資料開放的時間點上，則是有一半的填答者認為五年內可以開放保存的資料。 根據研究結果，可以看到許多客觀公開資料對於臺灣使用者而言並不被認為是公開資料，也不具有可保存性，根據過往研究可能是擔心資料的隱私權、所有權和使用目的。除此之外，許多資料也並不被臺灣民眾認為具有典藏價值，可能是由於一般大眾較難想像此類資料的應用。臺灣使用者對於資料被典藏態度仍有很多待討論的議題，建議未來研究可擴展範圍，深入探討不同年齡層和使用行為對於社群媒體典藏的態度，進一步研究不同典藏條件對使用者接受度的影響。

Social media plays a crucial role in contemporary society and is one of the important platforms for people to express their opinions. However, social media data is very fragile and easily disappears, whether due to user deletion, data migration by social media companies, or company closure, potentially causing this cultural information to vanish instantly. While there are already social media archiving projects abroad, Taiwan has yet to see much discussion on this topic. Therefore, this study aims to explore the attitudes of Taiwanese Facebook users towards the archiving of public information on Facebook, and whether Facebook usage behavior and demographic variables are associated with these attitudes and the conditions of preservation and access. This study uses questionnaire survey, with a total of 400 valid samples collected through an online questionnaire. It investigates the perceived openness, preservability, and archival value of public information from different Facebook data sources, as well as the relationship between different usage behaviors, demographic variables, and archiving attitudes. The results show that most respondents believe that public information on Facebook should be considered public, but there is a split in attitudes regarding the preservability of this information. Regarding the archival value, respondents had differing views on the archival value of different types of information. Textual information was highly recognized for its archival value, while non-textual information was not. Overall, the agreement level on archiving attitudes gradually declined, indicating that respondents were becoming more conservative about archiving attitudes. In terms of usage behavior, high-frequency users, user who only replied private posts or who never published, and those who had served as social media manager or public group administrators were more open to archiving attitudes. Demographically, males and younger groups were more open to archiving attitudes. As for preservation conditions, respondents generally opposed preserving any content without notifying everyone. Regarding the timing of data access, half of the respondents believed that archived data could be made available within five years. According to the research results, many objectively public data are not considered public by Taiwanese people, nor do they possess preservability. This could be due to concerns about data privacy, ownership, and usage purposes, as highlighted in previous studies. Additionally, many types of data are not considered to have archival value by Taiwanese people, possibly due to the general public finding it difficult to imagine the application of non-textual data. There are still many issues to be discussed regarding the attitudes of Taiwanese social media users towards data archiving. Future research is recommended to expand the sample range, deeply explore the attitudes of different age groups and usage behavior groups towards social media archiving, and further study the impact of different archiving conditions on user acceptance.