噴霧式真空製冰泥技術研究

Abstract

本研究旨在改善真空製冰泥系統在運輸冰泥過程中所遇到的問題。具體而言，當冰泥在閃蒸槽中生成後，如何避免冰泥卡在閃蒸桶內並能順利運輸至儲冰桶，而不使冰泥融化，成為本研究的主要挑戰。研究顯示，在純水中加入適量的乙二醇，不僅可以改善冰泥的聚合現象，還能使冰泥更容易運輸。 實驗結果表明，噴霧系統的引入顯著提高了製冰效果。加入噴霧裝置後，同樣20分鐘下的製冰，製冰量可增加1.527公斤。在固定側邊噴流流量的條件下，調整上方噴霧的流量，發現上方噴霧2LPM時製冰效果最佳。同樣，在固定上方噴霧流量的條件下，側邊噴流3LPM時製冰效果最佳。 乙二醇濃度對冰泥的運輸具有顯著影響。當濃度為1.5%時，大量冰泥會卡在閃蒸桶內，無法運輸至儲冰桶，導致製冰量減少。而在濃度2%至3%之間，冰泥運輸順暢，無明顯卡冰泥現象，且濃度變化對製冰量影響不大。然而當濃度超過3%時，製冰壓力過低，水泵難以將水打至閃蒸桶，導致噴頭結冰，造成冰塞現象。 本研究所開發的噴霧式真空製冰泥技術，在理想情況下的COP可達13.9。然而，實際應用中因存在熱損失和冰泥搬運損失，實際COP僅為7.4。 根據本研究結果，乙二醇濃度在2%至3%之間對製冰量影響不大。而文獻回顧顯示，乙二醇濃度越高會導致結冰壓力和潛熱下降。在相同製冰量下，潛熱越大越好，且低濃度的乙二醇在經濟上也是較優的選擇。因此，未來實驗可優先考慮添加2%濃度的乙二醇。 總結來說，本研究成功開發了一套高效的噴霧式真空製冰泥技術，並通過實驗驗證了其在不同條件下的製冰性能與效率。未來將致力於進一步優化系統設計，提高製冰效率，降低運行成本，以期在實際應用中取得更好的效果。

This study aims to address the challenges encountered in the vacuum ice slurry system during the transportation of ice slurry. Specifically, the main challenge of this research is to prevent ice slurry from getting stuck in the flash chamber after being generated and to ensure its smooth transport to the ice storage bucket without melting. The research shows that adding an appropriate amount of ethylene glycol to pure water not only improves the aggregation of ice slurry but also makes it easier to transport. Experimental results indicate that the introduction of a spray system significantly enhances the ice-making effect. With the addition of the spray device, the ice production increased by 1.527 kg within the same 20-minute period. By adjusting the flow rate of the upper spray while keeping the side spray flow rate constant, it was found that the ice-making effect is optimal at 2 LPM for the upper spray. Similarly, when the upper spray flow rate is fixed, the best ice-making effect is achieved at a side spray flow rate of 3 LPM. The concentration of ethylene glycol has a significant impact on the transportation of ice slurry. At a concentration of 1.5%, a large amount of ice slurry gets stuck in the flash chamber and cannot be transported to the ice storage bucket, reducing the ice production. However, at concentrations between 2% and 3%, the ice slurry is transported smoothly without significant blockage, and the change in concentration has little effect on ice production. When the concentration exceeds 3%, the ice-making pressure is too low, making it difficult for the water pump to deliver water to the flash chamber, causing the spray nozzle to freeze and resulting in ice blockage. The spray-type vacuum ice slurry technology developed in this study can achieve a COP of up to 13.9 under ideal conditions. However, due to heat losses and ice slurry handling losses in practical applications, the actual COP is only 7.4. Based on the results of this study, the ethylene glycol concentration between 2% and 3% has little effect on ice production. Literature review shows that higher ethylene glycol concentrations lead to a decrease in freezing pressure and latent heat. Under the same ice production, higher latent heat is preferable, and low concentrations of ethylene glycol are also more economical. Therefore, future experiments should prioritize the addition of 2% ethylene glycol concentration. In summary, this study successfully developed an efficient spray-type vacuum ice slurry technology and experimentally verified its ice-making performance and efficiency under different conditions. Future efforts will focus on further optimizing system design, improving ice-making efficiency, and reducing operational costs to achieve better results in practical applications.