台灣新創金融科技產業個案研究

Abstract

本研究探討了金融科技平台化及其再中介化、資本化的概念，以及台灣新創金融科技事業在這些理論框架下的適用性。金融科技的快速發展引發了對其政治經濟動態的關注。然而，現有文獻未充分探討這些技術堆疊如何建立在封閉平台生態系統上，以及在台灣的具體案例中的應用。研究從Langley和Leyshon（2021年）提出的平台資本化和再中介化概念出發，探討了金融科技平台如何重新擔任中介角色，並透過加強和穩固平台來確保其市場優勢。此外，Hendrikse等人（2018年）的國家科技耦合理論被應用於分析台灣政府、金融和科技產業之間的合作關係，特別是在推動金融科技創新和發展中的角色。研究包含以下三個研究問題：（1）台灣新創金融科技事業是否符合平台、平台再中介化及平台資本化的概念？（2）台灣的新創金融科技事業的經營與目前政策走向是否達成國家-科技、國家-金融及金融-科技的耦合關係？（3）台灣的新創金融科技事業是否能夠在台灣透過戰略性耦合的概念經營，並比較其與理論模型的差異。研究方法採用半結構訪談法，透過實地訪談台灣新創金融科技公司的創業者和相關行業專家，以深入了解其在平台化、資本化及戰略性耦合方面的實際操作和挑戰。研究發現，政府政策支持和金融機構與科技公司的合作促進了國家-科技、國家-金融及金融-科技的耦合關係。透過戰略性耦合，台灣新創金融科技企業可在技術與市場需求間取得平衡，提升全球競爭力。惟本研究為個案研究，並不宣稱能將研究發現概化到其他台灣金融科技公司。

This study explores the concepts of platformization, re-intermediation, and capitalization in fintech, and examines their applicability to Taiwan's nascent fintech ventures within these theoretical frameworks. The rapid development of fintech has raised concerns about its political-economic dynamics. However, existing literature insufficiently explores how these technological stacks are built upon closed platform ecosystems and their specific applications in Taiwan.Building upon concepts of Platform capitalism and re-intermediation proposed by Langley and Leyshon (2021), the research investigates how fintech platforms reassume intermediary roles and ensure market dominance through platform strengthening and consolidation. Additionally, applying Hendrikse et al.'s (2018) theory of national technology coupling, the study analyze cooperation among the Taiwanese government, financial sector, and technology industries, especially in fostering fintech innovation and development. The research addresses three primary questions: (1) Do Taiwan's emerging fintech ventures align with the concepts of platforms, platform re-intermediation, and Platform capitalism? (2) Do the operational strategies of Taiwan's emerging fintech ventures align with current policy trends towards national-technology, national-finance, and finance-technology couplings? (3) Can Taiwan's emerging fintech ventures operate strategically through the concept of coupling, and how do they compare with theoretical models? This study employs a semi-structured interview approach to gain insights from founders of Taiwanese fintech startups and industry experts, aiming to understand practical operations and challenges related to platformization, capitalization, and strategic coupling. Finding includes that government policy support and cooperation between financial institutions and tech companies have promoted State-Tech, State-Fin, and Fin-Tech coupling. Through strategic coupling, Taiwanese fintech startups can balance technology and market demand, enhancing their global competitiveness. However, this study is a case study and does not claim that the research findings can be generalized to other fintech companies in Taiwan.