臺灣同儕支持與精神障礙去汙名化之探討

Abstract

隨著社會及醫療技術的進步，許多的疾病都能通過藥物得到治療，然而精神疾病不同於一般的生理疾病，成因涉及社會文化、心理及環境等因素。因此，若專業人士在提供復康服務時僅將焦點放在「疾病治療」上，容易忽視精神障礙者背後的需求，導致他們在社會上的權利被忽略。同儕支持模式運用同儕互助的概念，通過生活經驗的分享、情緒支持和互助，能夠協助精神障礙者去除汙名化，達到精神復元的目標。然而，傳統華人文化往往將精神障礙者視為危險人物，媒體亦常以「精神疾病」為新聞標題，使精神障礙者在承受疾病困擾的同時，還要面對社會的標籤，復元之路因此充滿挑戰。同儕支持服務與傳統康復服務不同，它不僅運用復元概念，還通過系統化、理論化及結構化的同儕支持者培訓課程，讓精神障礙者成為「同儕支持者」，通過自身的生活經驗和知識，鼓勵和支持其他精神障礙者，助其邁向復元目標。 本研究以提供同儕支持服務的臺灣機構為研究場域，採用質性研究方法，通過深度訪談一線工作者及通過同儕支持訓練的精神障礙者，探討同儕支持服務在臺灣的發展現況，繼而深入瞭解同儕支持服務對精神疾病去汙名化及精神障礙者復元的影響。

With societal progress and advancements in medical technology, many diseases can be treated with medication. However, mental illnesses differ from physical illnesses. When professionals focus solely on "disease treatment" in rehabilitation, they may overlook the underlying needs of individuals with mental disorders, neglecting their societal rights. The peer support model promotes mutual assistance through shared life experiences, emotional support, and mutual help, aiding individuals with mental disorders in reducing stigma and achieving mental recovery. Traditional culture often views individuals with mental disorders as dangerous, and media frequently use "mental illness" as a headline, exacerbating societal labeling and making recovery challenging. Peer support services differ from traditional rehabilitation by utilizing recovery concepts and providing systematic, theoretical, and structured training for peer supporters. These courses enable individuals with mental disorders to become "peer supporters," using their experiences to encourage and support others, aiding their recovery goals.This study uses organizations in Taiwan providing peer support services as research sites. It adopts qualitative research methods, conducting in-depth interviews with frontline workers and individuals who have completed peer support training, to explore the current development of peer support services in Taiwan and understand their impact on the de-stigmatization and recovery of individuals with mental disorders.