捷運開通後工作場所可及性對房價的影響：以引力模式下的雙重差分分析機場捷運

Abstract

可及性分析常見於不動產價值的評估之中，其中引力模式(Gravity Model)也被廣泛應用於可及性的衡量。該方式同時考慮到機會的地理分布，以及取得該機會所需花費的成本，並估算出每個房屋獲得各種機會的難易程度，以作為可及性的代表。透過確認每個房屋的可及性大小，有助於判斷其潛在的價值。 本篇研究將以桃園機場捷運作為研究對象，分析在捷運出現前後所產生的工作可及性變化，是否會對周遭的房價產生影響。文章中比較了捷運與公路兩交通系統間的可及性差異，發現當捷運的可及程度優於公路運輸時，每相差一單位的可及性將使房價上漲約1.5倍至2倍。顯示出機場捷運的出現確實吸引了許多外縣市人口到當地購屋，尤其是偏好以捷運進行通勤的民眾，或是無可用自駕車的居民。 與過往相關的研究對比，本文改良了傳統的雙重差分模型，除了使用可及性的差異來判斷樣本所受到的影響程度，取代傳統以距離的衡量方式，也加入了第三個差分項目，以進一步探討捷運實際上帶來了什麼優勢，使得民眾在機場捷運出現以後，願意支付更高的金額於當地的房地產市場之中。

The assessment of accessibility plays a crucial role in real estate evaluation. The gravity model, widely applied for accessibility calculation, factors in the spatial distribution of opportunities and the costs incurred to access them, helping us determine how easily a house can access each opportunity. In this research, we analyzed if the changes in job accessibility after the construction of Taoyuan Airport MRT will have an impact on the price of surrounding houses. We compared the accessibility differences between MRT and driving, finding that when MRT accessibility is better than that of highway transportation, each unit of difference in accessibility will increase housing prices by about 1.5 to 2 times. The result indicates that the Airport MRT has effectively attracted people who work in the Taipei metropolitan area to relocate to Taoyuan. Compared to previous studies, this research provided an improved Difference-in-difference model. We applied the change in accessibility to replace the treatment variable in the model and constructed a triple differences model. According to the model design, our goal is to investigate how the Airport MRT motivates buyers to invest more in houses located around MRT stations.