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標題: | 兒童居家呼吸照護網路社群對於家庭照顧者之影響研究 The Impact Study of Children's Home Respiratory Care Online Communities on Family Caregivers |
作者: | 呂立 Frank Leigh Lu |
指導教授: | 吳玲玲 Ling-Ling Wu |
關鍵字: | 居家呼吸照護兒童,家庭照顧者,生活品質,網路社群, Home respiratory care,children,family caregiver,quality of life,online community, |
出版年 : | 2024 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 背景: 隨著醫療科技進步,居家呼吸照護兒童的人數逐漸增加,這些兒童由於有特殊的健康醫療照顧需求,而導致其家庭照顧者面臨龐大的照顧壓力與負荷。他們需要調整工作,承擔陪讀和緊急應變的責任,這可能導致家庭收入減少和社會疏離,照顧者本身也無法獲得足夠的休息。家庭照顧者的負擔很大,很需要協助改善其生活品質。同時,隨著網路的蓬勃發展,近年來臺灣居家呼吸照護兒童的家長,開始透過網路社群,如臉書和Line群組,進行交流、分享資訊,並抒發壓力等方式,特別是在要照顧居家呼吸照護兒童的情況下,這種方式的應用趨勢明顯增加。目前對於網路社群的角色,如何能善用其優勢,提供社會支持,仍有許多不清楚之處。
目的:了解居家呼吸照護兒童的家庭照顧者所面臨的壓力、生活掌控度與生活品質情況,以及網路社群的應用如何有助於提供社會支持、協助和支援給予家庭照顧者,進而促進呼吸照護兒童家庭的生活品質,紓解照顧者的負擔,讓家庭照顧者透過網路社群互相連結,強化社會支持。 方法: 本研究為橫斷式(Cross-sectional)研究設計法,採立意取樣(purpose sampling)方式,並參考國內外之文獻及專家意見擬定之問卷,經與收案對象說明研究目的、方式並經同意後,提供問卷表單收集照顧者之基本資料、個人壓力、生活掌控度、生活品質、自覺健康、自覺生活快樂、網路社群使用經驗與社會支持相關資料,進行統計分析。 結果: 本研究收案時間以112年10月1日至11月30日為止,共取得52份有效問卷樣本。分析居家呼吸照護兒童家庭照顧者的人口學特徵, 其中參與研究對象男性有9位(17.3%),女性有43位(82.7%),年齡的平均數是39.79歲。 問卷收集所參與的網路社群數量,以參與一個的有30位(57.7%),參與二個的有18位(34.6%)為主。其中以居家照護個別line群組的使用率最高,44位(84.6%)的家庭照顧者都有使用。從個人壓力來看,女性家庭照顧者的壓力比較高(p<0.05)。而家庭照顧者若自覺健康狀況與自覺快樂的生活狀態都不錯的話,則壓力明顯比較低(p<0.01)。對於參與網路社群的家庭照顧者而言,參與的社群數量多可能與更高的壓力相關(p<0.01)。同時,在參與網路社群時,若擁有豐富的興趣和想法,或者參與連結比較積極的話,這也可能與家庭照顧者感受到相對較高的壓力有關(p<0.05)。參與網路社群時,若有建立互動信任(p<0.01)且分享興趣與想法比較多(p<0.05)時,家庭照顧者會自覺感受到生活掌控度明顯提升。家庭照顧者在自覺生活快樂的情況下,其影響在生活品質的整體、生理、心理、社會以及環境等各方面,都表現出顯著的正向效應(p<0.01)。而對於自覺身體健康的情況,則對於整體(p<0.01)、生理(p<0.01)和環境(p<0.05)等生活品質方面的影響,也相對較為顯著。參與越多的網路社群數(p<0.01)、增加越多的互動信任(p<0.05)、分享更多的興趣與想法(p<0.01),還有產生各種連結、參與歸屬感(p<0.01)的時候,生活品質的社會範疇是比較低的。在生活品質的環境範疇,與有興趣想法的相關性,也呈現負相關(p<0.01)。綜合生活健康評估的結果顯示,若自覺健康狀況良好或是自覺生活快樂,同樣呈現統計學上明顯的正相關(p<0.01)。 結論: 本研究發現兒童居家呼吸照顧的家庭照顧者在不同層面,包括壓力、生活掌控度、生活品質、自覺健康、自覺快樂,與網路社群參與等各種因素影響下,有正向支持,也有許多要面對的挑戰和需求。本研究提供了相關了解與相應的建議,以提升家庭照顧者的生活品質和心理健康,家庭照顧者在照護角色中更為堅韌,提供全方位的支持,同時期望能提高網路社群在社會互動與支持的滿意度和生活品質。 Background: With the advancement of medical technology, the number of children receiving home respiratory care is gradually increasing. These children, due to their special health care needs, place a significant burden on their family caregivers. Caregivers must adjust their work, take on responsibilities such as companionship and emergency response, leading to a potential reduction in family income and social isolation. Caregivers often struggle to find adequate rest. The burden on family caregivers is substantial, and there is a need for assistance to improve their quality of life. Concurrently, with the flourishing development of the internet, parents of children receiving home respiratory care in Taiwan have increasingly turned to online communities, such as Facebook and Line groups, for communication, information sharing, and stress relief. This trend is particularly noticeable in the context of caring for children with home respiratory care needs. The role of online communities and how to leverage their advantages to provide social support remain unclear. Objective: To understand the personal stress, perceived life control, and quality of life of the family caregivers of children receiving home respiratory care, as well as how the use of online communities can contribute to providing social support, assistance, and support to caregivers. The aim is to enhance the quality of life for families caring for children with respiratory care needs, alleviate caregiver burdens, and foster connections among caregivers through online communities, strengthening social support. Method: This study adopts a cross-sectional research design and employs purposive sampling. Questionnaires are developed based on literature reviews and expert opinions. After explaining the research purpose and obtaining consent from the participants, data on caregivers' demographics, personal stress, perceived life control, quality of life, self-perceived health, self-perceived life happiness, online community usage experience, and related social support are collected for statistical analysis. Results: The study collected 52 valid questionnaires from October 1 to November 30, 2023. The analysis of demographic characteristics of family caregivers of children receiving home respiratory care revealed that 82.7% were female, and the average age was 39.79 years. Most participants were involved in one online community (57.7%), with Line groups for individual home care being the most widely used as 84.6% of the participants. Female caregivers experienced higher stress (p<0.05), and those who perceived good health and happiness reported significantly lower stress levels (p<0.01). The number of online communities participated in was positively associated with higher stress (p<0.01). Additionally, when caregivers actively engaged in sharing interests and ideas or participating in connections within online communities, this was also associated with higher perceived stress (p<0.05). However, building trust through interaction (p<0.01) and actively sharing interests and ideas (p<0.05) in online communities were positively related to an increased sense of life control. Caregivers who perceived happiness in their lives had a significantly positive impact on overall, physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects of quality of life (p<0.01). Perceived good health also had a notable positive impact on overall (p<0.01), physical (p<0.01), and environmental (p<0.05) domains of quality of life. Higher participation in online communities (p<0.01), increased trust in interactions (p<0.05), and more active sharing of interests and ideas (p<0.01), as well as generating various connections and a sense of belonging in online communities (p<0.01), were associated with lower social domains of quality of life. In the environmental domain of quality of life, a negative correlation was observed with having interesting ideas (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study identified various factors affecting family caregivers of children receiving home respiratory care across different dimensions, including stress, life control, quality of life, perceived health, perceived happiness, participation in online communities, and social support. The findings provide valuable insights and recommendations to enhance the quality of life and mental health of family caregivers, making them more resilient in their caregiving roles. Additionally, the study hopes to elevate satisfaction with social interaction and support from online communities and overall quality of life. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/92053 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202400531 |
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