漢寶德建築作品之研究

Abstract

本研究將探討台灣戰後重要二代建築師漢寶德先生，因他除了在學界上的貢獻外，業界更有不少代表性的建築作品產出，特別我們觀察到在1970至1980年代之間有著大量的建築作品產出且建築風格轉變。而作為漢先生建築作品的重要推手，同時也是建築生成的另一關鍵因素：業主－救國團，在同樣的時間點上也有著政治政策上的變化，藉由建築師與業主兩者合作的過程相互比對，可以發掘支配建築形式的真正力量，且持續影響了建築師漢先生日後建築設計中的思維與論述。 由黨國直接管理的救國團，1970年代的重要任務便是對青年學子思想與行為的控制，為了避免年青知識份子對於高壓政權的反抗心理，其形象的拿捏便非常重要。而現代主義不帶任何形式的樣貌就成了國家機器深入民間的最佳包裝，當時熱愛現代主義的漢寶德便因為與業主救國團有著相同的理念，順利的在台灣實踐一批現代主義精神的建築。 1975年業主救國團首次改變了漢先生的建築設計，意外地成為一個契機，使漢先生看見了學院之外的建築理念也就是其日後所提倡的情境主義。到了1980年代，國民政府有了一次的大換血，甫任總統的蔣經國開始執行「本土化」政策以強化國權的正當性。同時，漢先生也因為先前建築的經驗，開始了以情境為手法的建築設計，這種對情境的想像恰與國民政府本土化政策的意象有著相當程度的重合，因此在環境與業主的影響下，漢先生推翻了自己先前的建築論述，在1980年代再次透過救國團的合作展現了多樣的地域樣式建築作品。

This research will discuss Mr. Pao-Teh Han, an important second-generation architect in Taiwan after WW2, in addition to his contributions in the academic, he also produced many representative architectural works in the industry. In particular, we observed that between the 1970s and 1980s There are a large number of architectural works output and architectural style changes. As an important promoter of Mr. Han's architectural works, the owner-builder - China Youth Corps, are also changes in political policies at the same time. Through the process of cooperation between the architect and the owner-builder Comparing with each other, we can discover the real power that dominates the architectural form. In the 1970s, the important task of the China Youth Corps, was to control the thoughts and behaviors of young students. In order to prevent young intellectuals from resisting the oppressive regime, it was very important to maintain their image. Modernism without any form of appearance has become the best package for the state apparatus to penetrate into the people. At that time, Mr. Pao-Teh Han, who loved modernism, had the same philosophy with the owner-builder - China Youth Corps, and successfully practiced a batch of modernism Spiritual Architecture in Taiwan. In 1975, the owner-builder - China Youth Corps changed Mr. Han's architectural design for the first time, which unexpectedly became an opportunity for Mr. Han to see the architectural concept outside the academy, which was the Situationism he advocated in the future. In the 1980s, the government underwent a major change, president Ching-kuo Chiang began to implement a policy of " Localization " to strengthen the legitimacy of state power. At the same time, Mr. Han also started the architectural design based on the Situationism.. Therefore, under the influence of the environment and the owner-builder In the 1980s, Mr. Han overthrew his previous architectural discourse, and again in the 1980s, through the cooperation of the China Youth Corps, he showed a variety of regional style architectural works in Taiwan.