適用於高需求活動的去中心化售票機制

Abstract

傳統票務市場問題嚴重，黃牛問題和價格波動普遍存在，阻礙了公平競爭和消費者利益的最大化。本研究透過模擬方法探討了常見一級市場銷售策略對關鍵利益相關者(包括組織者、消費者和黃牛)的影響。在買家支付意願遵循對數常態分布的假設下，此研究檢驗了三種主要市場策略:固定價格、動態定價和荷蘭式拍賣退款機制。我們的分析顯示，有退款的荷蘭式拍賣策略不僅確保了價格穩定性——與動態定價相比，減少了85%的價格波動——而且顯著降低了黃牛的獲利，與固定價格模式相比減少了124%。此外，我們還提出如何使用智能合約和非同質化代幣(NFT)實作這策略，旨在提高市場透明度、保證票券的長期收藏價值、並確保退款保證的穩固性。這種方法可能會大幅提高票務市場的公平性和誠信度。

The traditional ticketing market is rife with scalping and price fluctuations, hindering fair competition and the maximization of consumer benefits. This study, through simula- tion, explores the impacts of various primary market sales strategies on key stakeholders, including organizers, customers, and scalpers. We start with the assumption that buyers’ willingness to pay follows a log-normal distribution and examine three primary market strategies: Fixed Price, Dynamic Pricing, and Dutch Auction with Refund. Our analysis reveals that the Dutch Auction with Refund strategy not only ensures price stability—re- ducing price fluctuations by 98% compared to Dynamic Pricing—but also significantly reduces scalper profitability, with a 100% decrease compared to the Fixed Price model. Additionally, we investigate the implementation of this strategy using smart contracts and NFTs, aiming to enhance market transparency, preserve the long-term collectible value of tickets, and ensure robust refund guarantees. This approach could substantially improve the fairness and integrity of the ticketing market.