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標題: | 霸權的同盟關係如何影響對崛起強權的策略:以美國為例 Alliance of the Hegemon Matters: A Study on U.S. Strategy towards Rising Powers |
作者: | 邱佑寧 Yu-Ning Chiu |
指導教授: | 張登及 Teng-Chi Chang |
關鍵字: | 國關理論,霸權,崛起強權,霸權挑戰,權力轉移,美中爭霸,歷史與國關, IR Theory,Hegemony,Rising Power,Hegemonic Challenge,Power Transition,U.S.-China Rivalry,History and IR, |
出版年 : | 2024 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本文聚焦霸權與崛起國的互動,分析作為霸權的美國,面對崛起國挑戰時,除了衡量相對權力的傳統判斷,也依本文的理論邏輯,同時考量同盟共同行動的能力與意願。當霸權美國在應對崛起國挑戰時,除了以雙方權力差距認知為判斷,霸權也會受盟友是否與霸權共享威脅認知影響。在上述兩個自變項的共同影響下,霸權因而發展出四種不同的應對策略。四種策略首先根據崛起國強弱,分為遏制或接觸,再依同盟是否願意共同行動,分為多邊性與單邊性。在1920至1930年代,美國分別對蘇聯與日本採取單邊性的接觸與遏制;在1950至2000年代,美國則分別對蘇聯與中國,採取多邊性遏制與接觸。
本文研究方法係以上述四個跨時的不同案例,針對霸權美國與崛起強權之間的互動,進行案例與比較分析,並以分析結果為基礎,檢驗所提理論的因果機制。最後,本文結論為藉由四個霸權與崛起強權之間互動的案例分析,可得除了崛起國的相對實力發展之外,作為霸權的美國確實也會考量當時的同盟因素,以決定自身對崛起國的策略,如單邊性接觸或遏制,以及多邊性遏制或接觸。本文理論以上述少數案例完成強檢驗分析後,亦期望未來能找到更多符合預期的案例,並突破更多研究限制,以完備理論的適用性。 This study focuses on the interaction between the hegemon and rising powers, analyzing the United States as a hegemonic power when confronted with challenges from rising powers. In addition to the conventional assessment of relative power, the study employs its theoretical framework to concurrently consider the capacity and willingness of alliances to engage in collective action. When the hegemonic United States addresses challenges from rising powers, its perception of the power disparity is not only influenced by the conventional understanding but also impacted by whether allies share a common perception of the threats. Under the combined influence of these two independent variables, the hegemon develops four distinct strategies in response. The four strategies are initially categorized based on the strength of the rising power, distinguishing between containment or engagement, and further categorized based on whether alliances are willing to engage in collective action, differentiating between multilateral and unilateral approaches. In the 1920s to 1930s, the United States adopted unilateral engagement and containment strategies towards the Soviet Union and Japan. In the 1950s to 2000s, the United States employed multilateral containment and engagement strategies towards the Soviet Union and China, respectively. The research methodology of this study involves case-by-case and comparative analysis of the interactions between the hegemonic United States and rising powers across these four distinct historical periods. Based on the analysis results, the study examines the causal mechanisms of the proposed theoretical framework. In conclusion, this study finds that, through analyzing the interactions in the selected cases, the hegemonic United States, besides considering the relative power development of rising powers, also takes into account alliance factors to determine its strategies, such as unilateral engagement or containment, and multilateral containment or engagement. The theoretical framework, validated through rigorous analysis of the limited cases, anticipates the discovery of additional cases in the future that align with the expected outcomes, thus overcoming further research limitations and enhancing the theoretical applicability. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/91759 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202400286 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 政治學系 |
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