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標題: | 夫妻分工模式對幸福感之意涵:以中國一線城市年輕男女為例 Gender Division of Labor among Married Couples and Its Implications for Perceived Happiness: A Study of Young Adults in Chinese First-tier Cities |
作者: | 白初冉 Chu-Ran Bai |
指導教授: | 郭貞蘭 Chen-Lan Kuo |
關鍵字: | 平等性感知,分工模式,公平感,婚姻滿意度,虛擬情境方法, gender equality,division of labor,perceived fairness,marital satisfaction,vignette study method, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 性別意識形態是兩性對賺錢養家、家務勞動和照顧育兒的角色期待、責任與分工安排,是深植於社會關係脈絡和生活情境的性別化策略與實踐。為了挑戰過去研究中「平權」觀念背後的普世性、研究者中心論和西方主義中心論,本研究發展虛擬情境方法(vignette study)來測量中國社會中的性別平等意涵。
虛擬情境方法結果發現:1. 賺錢養家的分工安排與平等性的關聯性不顯著,但是當妻子的收入超過丈夫時,男性的公平感會下降,結合質性訪談,工作對男性來說依舊與「男子氣概」的維持有關;2. 家務勞動和照顧育兒的分工模式都會對兩性的平等感知產生影響。在控制平等性感知後,家務勞動的不平等分工會降低男性的公平感和婚姻滿意度,妻子承擔更多家務勞動和照顧育兒會降低女性的公平感和婚姻滿意度;3. 相較於家務分工,人們對照顧育兒的平等性感知較弱,說明人們更重視家務勞動的平等性。但對女性而言,不平等的照顧分工相比較家務勞動,對婚姻滿意度的負面影響更大。 綜上,本研究探討「性別平等」概念在中國複雜社會脈絡下的意涵,挑戰西方「平權觀」的普世性質,豐富了東方文化脈絡下的性別研究。本研究主要驗證了「性別平等」不僅是多維度的概念,而且不同分工面向對平等性的意涵不同。一線城市高教育年輕群體,其平等性感知和對幸福婚姻的分工想像,並不遵循傳統性別角色期待。在對特定面向的解釋上,利益模型僅被一部分地支持,而且研究發現,人們仍受密集母職觀念的影響。不過受限於樣本量和研究對象的特殊性,這一結論的普適性需要得到保留。 Gender ideology refers to the expectations, responsibilities and division of labor between genders regarding money earning, housework and caregiving. It encompasses gendered strategies and practices embedded in social contexts and situations. To challenge the universalism, researcher-centeredness and Western-centric perspectives underlying the concept of "equality" in previous research, this study develops the vignette study method to measure the implications of gender equality in Chinese society. The results show: 1. The division of earning money is not significantly related to equality, but men's sense of fairness decreases when their wives earn more than them. Qualitative interviews suggest that work remains associated with masculinity for men. 2. The division of housework and caregiving affect the perception of equality for both sexes. Controlling for perceived equality, inequalities in household chores reduce men's sense of fairness and marital satisfaction. Women's sense of fairness and marital satisfaction decrease when wives facing more housework and caregiving. 3. Compared to the division of household chores, people perceive less equality in the division of caregiving, indicating they prioritize equality in housework more. However, unequal division of caregiving has a greater negative impact on women's marital satisfaction compared to housework. In summary, this study explores the implications of concept of "gender equality" in China, challenging the universal nature of Western "equality" and enriching gender studies in Eastern cultural context. The study verifies that gender equality is not only a multidimensional concept, but also different aspects of division of labor have different implications. The young, highly educated population in first-tier cities deviates from traditional gender role expectations. The interest model is only partially supported in explaining specific aspects and people are still influenced by the concept of intensive motherhood. Due to the limitation of sample size and research range, the generalizability of this conclusion needs to be retained. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/91206 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202304454 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 社會學系 |
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