導入生產流程自動化之績效評核機制設計與建立

Abstract

隨著科技的進步，生產自動化已成為許多企業實現效率提升和成本降低的重要手段。生產自動化是指將原本由人工操作的生產流程，透過自動化設備及系統的介入，讓機器人等設備取代人力，以達到高效、準確、安全的目的。生產自動化的優勢除了提高生產效率，並減少人為產生的操作失誤外，自動化設備也能夠在短時間內完成許多人無法完成的複雜操作，例如高度精密的測量、高速的物料搬運等，進一步提高生產效率。生產自動化的另一個好處是可以有效降低成本，傳統的生產流程是勞力密集的產業，除了基本薪資外，還需要支付勞保、健保和加班費等成本。透過自動化設備的演進，企業可以大幅降低人力成本，同時也減少了員工作業上的疲勞和壓力，進一步提高了工作環境的安全性和舒適度。此外自動化生產也能夠減少因人為因素而產生的品質瑕疵，進一步減少了生產成本和損失。而生產自動化也有挑戰和限制。例如初期的建置成本高，需要大量的投資和研發，導入之後設備的維護和管理也需要專業的技術和知識，需要企業花費額外的成本進行培訓和保養。實現生產自動化需要制定科學合理的策略，首先，要根據企業的實際情況制定具體的自動化解決方案。企業可以根據自己的生產流程和現有技術環境，選擇合適的自動化設備和技術，從而實現生產自動化。其次，要優先考慮對生產線瓶頸站的自動化，從而提高生產線的效率和穩定度，再來應注意品質和安全。生產自動化需要在確保產品品質和安全的前提下進行。企業應該對自動化設備和技術進行嚴格的測試和驗證，確保其符合制定的標準和要求。最後應該要做的是效益評估，確保生產自動化的投資是可以為企業帶來正面的效益。

With the progress of technology, automated manufacturing become an important Strategy of enterprise to realize efficiency enhancement and cost reduction. Automation means automated equipment and system instead of manual operation. Automation build in production for the purpose of efficient, accurate and safe. Advantages of production automation in addition to improve production efficiency and reducing human error. Automation also able to instead of manual operation to complete complex operations. For example high-precision measurement or high-speed material handling, etc., further to improve efficiency. The other benefit is cost reduction can be more effectiveness. Traditional production line is a labor-intensive industry. Labor cost including base salary, labor and health insurance and National Holiday Overtime pay. Through the evolution of automation equipment, the enterprise able to have cost saving significantly and reduce fatigue and stress of employees' work. Furthermore safety and comfort of working environment are further improved. In addition automatic production can further reducing the cost from quality issue caused by mis-operation. But there are still had challenges and limitation of automation. For example, the foundation with high cost in the beginning , and requiring lots of investment and development. After automation introduce, the maintenance and management if equipment required professional technology and knowledge, also the company need to prepare additional cost for the training and maintenance. In order to implement automation, the enterprise required to formulate a scientific and reasonable strategy. First of all , the specific solution of automation must according to actual situations in the company. The enterprise can chose suitable auto equipment or technology development base on current product flow and technique to realizing automation. Secondly the priority should be assigned automation to the bottleneck step or process to enhance the efficiency and stability of production then put the focus on quality and safety. Production automation required to processing under the premise of ensuring quality and safety. The enterprise should have stress test and strict verification to ensure process is under standard and requirement. And at the final must do the ROI assessment to ensure automation investment is able to bring benefits for company.