基於氣相聚合與熱裂解製程的多層級孔洞碳材

Abstract

隨著全球暖化問題日益嚴重，綠色環保意識逐漸提升，能源儲存、氣體吸附與電化學催化等研究領域正在蓬勃發展，其中碳材扮演著不可或缺的角色。在本篇研究中，以氣相聚合的製程形成多層級孔洞高分子材料，並經過高溫將聚對二甲苯高分子碳化，其形貌因為添加矽酸鹽類仍能維持，成功合成多級孔洞碳材結構。 傳統製造孔洞碳材為硬模板方法，與傳統方法不同的是，此新穎製程為具有較大孔徑的孔洞碳材提供了一條快速合成且綠色化學的合成路徑。此多層級孔洞是來自於暫時的泡沫狀冰塊模板進行化學氣相沉積，因被空氣體積佔據形成的泡沫空腔形成了約數百微米至公分級的一級孔洞；另一方面，泡沫支架經歷了冷凍乾燥機制，形成了約數十微米大小的次級孔洞；此多層級孔洞材料經歷熱裂解製程之後，氣相聚合在矽酸鹽框架上的保形高分子薄膜進而被碳化成碳膜。為了強調這種製程使材料形貌有高度可調性，我們利用具有分形結構的樣品作為演示。此外，本研究設計一項絕熱效果實驗，其數據顯示這種泡沫狀多層級孔洞碳材具有出色的絕熱效果。

As the issue of global warming grows more severe, the importance of green environmental consciousness is on the rise. Research fields such as energy storage, gas adsorption, and electrochemical catalysis are seeing rapid development, with carbon materials playing an essential role in these areas. In this study, a hierarchical porous polymer material was formed through gas-phase polymerization and carbonized at high temperature to yield a hierarchically porous carbon structure that maintained its morphology due to the addition of silicate. Differing from the encapsulation of solid materials using methods like the hard-template approach, this novel fabrication process provides a time-efficient and eco-friendly synthesis route for porous carbon with larger pore sizes. It was from the CVD process of temporal foam-like ice-template. The cell window was from the original occupied space of air volume, forming primary pore sizes from approximately 100 micrometers to centimeters. On the other hand, the strut underwent a freeze-drying process, resulting in the formation of a secondary pore structure with pore sizes around 10 micrometers. There is a conformal carbon film on the framework of laponite due to the carbonization of dense parylene film coating. To emphasize the characteristics of highly tunable morphology of this approach, we presented a sample with fractal structure, showing their potential for various application. Moreover, a straightforward thermal insulation test indicated the excellent thermal insulation performance of this foam-like carbon structure.