音樂治療運用於失智症照顧之介入歷程：以團體音樂治療促進失智症者的社會互動及自我表達為例

Abstract

本文旨在研究運用團體音樂治療於失智症照顧，並聚焦於探討失智症者的自我表達及社會互動。失智症者即便喪失部分認知功能，但其情感部分在神經科學的研究中是未受損的，因此有能力接收來自音樂的刺激媒介來表達，以及透過音樂增加社會互動。研究者基於自身的社會工作專業及對音樂的興趣進行本研究，媒合專業音樂治療師及外部機構的資源進行合作，參與到日間照顧機構中現有之失智症者音樂治療團體進行觀察及訪談，研究方法混合參與觀察與質性研究。研究發現不論在社會互動及自我表達的面向，失智症者運用歌唱及樂器即興，相較於使用語言，更能夠與他人互動及表達。多運用歌唱及樂器即興來讓失智症者完成與其他成員間的合作、及表達個人的想法，是可以提升其在團體中自我表達及社會互動的方式。

This article aims to study the use of group music therapy in dementia care, focusing on the self-expression and social-interaction of people with dementia. Even though people with dementia lose some cognitive functions, their emotional part are not damaged, so they have ability to express and increase social interaction through music as an incentive. The researcher conducts this research based on her social work profession and interest in music, cooperates with professional music therapists and external organizations, also, participates in group music therapy groups for the elderly hold by daycare center. The research method will use participatory observation and qualitative research. The study found that in terms of social interaction and self-expression, people with dementia are more able to interact with others and express themselves by singing and improvising, in comparison of using language. Using more singing and instrumental improvisation allow people with dementia to complete cooperation with other group members and express themselves. It is a way to enhance their self-expression and social interaction.