自然資源夥伴關係文獻的系統性回顧

Abstract

夥伴關係是現今保護區與自然資源典範的關鍵，為了解國內外相關研究重點與發展趨勢，本研究採用系統性文獻回顧法，並以ENDNOTE、VOSviewer及ATLAS.ti作協助，搜尋Google Scholar, Web of science及華藝線上圖書館等三個網站的文獻，進行討論分析。 本研究以2000年始至2022年終的時限，共搜索到6,548篇文獻，經過刪減跟剔除後，得到國外文獻56篇、臺灣文獻34篇及中國文獻15篇，合計105篇。再經過ENDNOTE作文獻關鍵詞、作者及整理後，導入至VOSviewer進行可視化分析，同時將文獻全文導入至ATLAS.ti作編碼分析。 VOSviewer的研究結果顯示56篇國外文獻作分析，國外文獻共有209個關鍵詞，其中有24組集群，648個連結，總鏈強度為667；臺灣文獻方面共有34篇，合共有個111關鍵詞，共有22串聯的集群，240個連結，總鏈強度為250；中國文獻方面共有15篇，一共有59個關鍵詞，共有11個串聯的集群，124個連結，總鏈強度為125，三方均有共同的關鍵詞如治理、社區、保護區等等；國外文獻主要集中在governance, conservation, co- management的議題上；臺灣文獻的部份，主要主題集中在社區參與、社區營造、共管保護區等等的議題；中國文獻討論的議題主要圍繞在自然保護區、社區參與、可持續發展等方面。作者方面，國外文獻共有215位作者，主要有3位作串連，其中有53組集群，606個連結，總鏈強度為615；臺灣文獻方面，合共有64位作者，也有3位主要作者，共有31串聯的集群，98個連結，總鏈強度為118作者；中國文獻方面共有30位作者，共有15個串聯的集群，28個連結，其中5位，連結1個集群，10個連結。 105篇文獻的編碼結果，發現共同都有討論的夥伴關係類型為公私夥伴關係 (PPP)、社區為基礎的自然資源管理 (CBNRM)、生態式旅遊及共同管理 (Co-management)；夥伴關係的關鍵要素為參與、權力、經濟、培力及衝突。 關鍵字：夥伴關係、保護區、社區、系統性文獻回顧、VOSviewer．ATLAS.ti

As partnerships being a key part of the paradigm on protected areas and natural resources, in order to reveal its important topics and development tendency in international and domestic regimes, this study adopted systematic literature review method together with Endnote, VOSviewer and ATLAS.ti to analyze those searched from Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Huayi Online Library. A total of 6,548 pieces of documents were collected from above databases by the year, 2000-2022. After selection, 105 pieces were obtained which including 56 pieces of international documents, 34 of Taiwanese ones and 15 of Chinese ones. Then documented by ENDNOTE with the Keywords, authors, and documents, these were sorted and imported into VOSviewer for visual analysis. In the same time, the full texts of these documents were imported into ATLAS.ti for code analysis. Using VOSviewer to analyze 56 foreign literatures, the results showed that there were 209 keywords, which including 24 groups of clusters, 648 links, and a total link strength of 667. For 34 Taiwanese literatures, there were 111 keywords with 22 series clusters, 240 links, and a total chain strength of 250. For 15 Chinese literatures, there are 59 keywords with 11 series clusters, 124 links, and a total chain strength of 125. Some common keywords such as governance, community, protected areas, etc. could be identifies in all three kinds of literature; international literature mainly focuses on governance, conservation, and co-management; Taiwanese ones mainly focuses on community participation, community building, Co-management of protected areas, etc.; and Chinese ones mainly on protected areas, community participation, and sustainable development. In terms of authors, there were a total of 215 authors with 3 key ones in international literature, including 53 groups of clusters, 606 links, and a total chain strength of 615. For Taiwanese literature, a total of 64 authors, with 3 key authors, a total of 31 series of clusters, 98 links, and a total chain strength of 118; For Chinese literature, there were a total of 30 authors, with a total of 15 serial clusters, 28 links, among them, 5 key authors found with 1 cluster and 10 links. The results of coding on 105 pieces of documents from international, Taiwanese and Chinese literature, the types of partnerships discussed by all three parties were public-private partnership (PPP), community-based natural resource management (CBNRM), eco-tourism and co-management. And key elements of partnership identified were participation, power, economy, empowerment and conflict.

Keywords: partnerships, protected area, community, systematic literature review, VOSviewer, ATLAS.ti