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標題: | 非生物性逆境與生物刺激素對魚腥草生長和機能性成分之影響 Effect of Abiotic Stresses and Biostimulants on Growth and Functional Compounds in Houttuynia cordata Thumb. |
作者: | 宋佳欣 Chia-Xin Song |
指導教授: | 張育森 Yu-Sen Chang |
關鍵字: | 鹽分逆境,乾旱逆境,腐植酸,海藻萃取物, salt stress,drought stress,humic acid,seaweed extracts, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 魚腥草為原生於台灣的多年生草本植物,其萃取物之主要組成為綠原酸和金絲桃苷等酚類化合物,具有減緩氧化逆境和抗發炎等功能。本研究旨在探討非生物性逆境(鹽分逆境、乾旱逆境)、生物刺激素(腐植酸、海藻萃取物),以及鹽分逆境下施用生物刺激素或水楊酸對魚腥草生長和機能性成分的影響,期許能尋求提升魚腥草機能性成分之栽培方法。
鹽分逆境試驗為每週澆灌0、30、60、90、120和150 mM之氯化鈉水溶液於魚腥草栽培介質1次。結果顯示,鹽分濃度90 mM以上之處理顯著降低魚腥草株高,並顯著降低葉片總酚含量; 120 mM處理顯著降低地上部鮮重和乾重,並顯著降低葉片綠原酸含量。澆灌60 mM之處理能顯著增加葉片總類黃酮含量,但不造成生長抑制。 乾旱逆境試驗為在魚腥草之介質田間含水量低於100%、80%、60%或40%時澆灌50 mL清水。結果顯示,60%田間含水量使魚腥草葉片之鮮重和乾重顯著降低,且顯著降低總酚、總類黃酮、綠原酸和金絲桃苷含量。80%和100%田間含水量處理之生長和機能性成分分析項目皆無顯著差異。 腐植酸試驗為每週以不同濃度之腐植酸澆灌或葉施1次,分別為澆灌濃度0.58、0.29和0.20 g·L-1及葉施濃度0.29、0.14和0.10 g·L-1,並以同時澆灌和葉施清水之魚腥草植株為對照組。結果顯示,澆灌或葉施任何濃度之腐植酸對魚腥草之生長指標無顯著影響。在機能性成分表現上,澆灌0.29 g·L-1腐植酸能顯著增加葉片總類黃酮含量,但在澆灌濃度過高時降低刺激效果。不論是澆灌或葉施,腐植酸之最佳濃度皆為0.29 g·L-1,且兩處理之調查分析項目結果皆無顯著差異。 海藻萃取物試驗為每週以不同濃度海藻萃取物澆灌或葉施1次,分別為澆灌4、2和1.33 mg·L-1,或葉施2、1和0.67 mg·L-1,並以同時澆灌和葉施清水之魚腥草植株為對照組。結果顯示,澆灌或葉施過高濃度之海藻萃取物會導致魚腥草的生長抑制。在機能性成分表現上,澆灌1.33 mg·L-1海藻萃取物能顯著增加葉片總酚濃度,葉施0.67 mg·L-1處理則能顯著增加葉片總類黃酮濃度。 以每週澆灌60 mM氯化鈉水溶液鹽分逆境處理;澆灌清水為無逆境處理,並每週葉施0.29 g·L-1 腐植酸、0.67 mg·L-1 海藻萃取物或每4週葉施0.5 mM水楊酸,以葉施清水為對照組。結果顯示,栽培溫度可能影響鹽分逆境耐受性和類黃酮生合成對鹽分逆境的敏感性,在本次試驗期間溫度較低,魚腥草葉片數、地上部鮮重、葉片鮮重、葉片總類黃酮濃度和含量皆在60 mM處理下顯著降低。而在60 mM處理下,葉施海藻萃取物可提升魚腥草葉片總類黃酮濃度和含量至與0 mM之對照組無顯著差異;施用腐植酸則可提升魚腥草葉片之綠原酸濃度和含量,並顯著高於0 mM之對照組。 綜合言之,非生物性逆境之鹽分逆境或乾旱逆境,和施用腐植酸或海藻萃取物,以及鹽分逆境下施用生物刺激素皆會影響魚腥草生長或機能性成分,本研究進行之試驗以提升魚腥草機能性成分為目標,將於文中依據試驗結果提出栽培建議,期許能為魚腥草的栽培和產業增添助益。 Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a perennial herb native to Taiwan. The main components of its extract are phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid and hyperoside, which have the potential to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aims to investigate the effects of salt stress, drought stress, humic acid, seaweed extract, and the application of biostimulants or salicylic acid on the growth and functional compounds of H. cordata, to determine the cultivation method that can increase the content of functional compounds of H. cordata. The method of salt stress trial involved irrigating H. cordata with sodium chloride water solutions of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mM once a week. Treatments with concentrations above 90 mM significantly reduced plant height, as well as the content of total phenolic compounds in the leaves. Treatment with concentration above 120 mM significantly decreased the shoot fresh weight and dry weight, together with the chlorogenic acid content of leaves. Furthermore, drenching with 60 mM significantly increased the total flavonoid content in the leaves without inhibiting its growth. The method of drought stress trial involved irrigating H. cordata with 50 mL of tap water when the field capacity(FC) of the medium dropped below 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40%. The treatment of 60 % FC significantly reduced the fresh weight and dry weight of the leaves of H. cordata, as well as the contents of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, and hyperoside. There is no significant difference in vigor and functional compounds content between the treatments of 80% and 100% FC. The method of humic acid trial involved drenching or foliar spraying H. cordata with different concentrations of humic acid once a week. The concentrations used for drenching were 0.58, 0.29 and 0.20 g L-1 while for foliar spray, they were 0.29, 0.14 and 0.10 g L -1. Plants drenched and foliar sprayed with tap water served as control group. Drenching or foliar spray with humic acid at any concentration did not have a significant effect on growth indicators of H. cordata. In consideration of functional compounds, drenching with 0.29 g·L-1 humic acid significantly increased the total flavonoids content in leaves. However, the stimulation effect diminished with an overdose. The optimal concentration of humic acid was found to be 0.29 g·L-1 by drenching or foliar spray. There was no significant difference observed between these two treatments. The method of seaweed extract trial involved drenching or foliar spraying with H. cordata with different concentrations of seaweed extract once a week. The concentrations used for drenching were 4, 2 and 1.33 mg·L-1 by drenching, while for foliar spary, they were 2, 1 and 0.67 mg·L-1 . Plants drenched and foliar sprayed with tap water served as the control. Result shows that dosing excessive concentrations of seaweed extract through drenching or foliar spray can inhibit the growth of H. cordata. Regarding the level of functional compounds in the leaves, drenching with 1.33 mg·L-1 seaweed extract significantly increased the level total phenolics compounds. On the other hand, treating with 0.67 mg·L-1 by foliar spray significantly increased the level of total flavonoids. The trial involved drenching H. cordata with a 60 mM sodium chloride solution every week as the salt stress treatment, drenching with 0 mM sodium chloride solution every week as non-stress treatment, and applying 0.29 g·L-1 humic acid, 0.67 mg·L-1 seaweed extract by foliar spray every week, or 0.5 mM salicylic acid by foliar spray every 4 weeks, with applied tap water by foliar spray as the control. The result indicated that temperature might affect the tolerance to salt stress and the sensitivity of flavonoid biosynthesis to salt stress. In this trial, the leaf number, shoot and leaf fresh weight, level of total flavonoids in leaves of H. cordata were significantly reduced in 60 mM treatment. However, in the 60 mM treatment, the application of seaweed extract increased the level of total flavonoids in leaves, with no significant difference compared to the control in 0 mM treatment. The application of humic acid increased the level of chlorogenic acid in leaves, and were significantly higher than the control in the 0 mM treatment. Abiotic stress, such as salt stress or drought stress, as well as the application of humic acid, seaweed extract, and biostimulants under salt stress, can all impact the growth or functional compounds of H. cordata. The objective of this study was to enhance the functional compounds in H. cordata, with the aim of cultivating H. cordata with improved antioxidant capacity and increasing the overall benefits of the H. cordata industry. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/89856 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202303223 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 園藝暨景觀學系 |
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