論張戎的「中國現代史三部曲」：自譯的翻譯社會學研究

Abstract

張戎生於1952年毛澤東時期的中國，兒時經歷了文化大革命，後來移居英國，成為著名的歷史作家，並從2005年開始翻譯自己的著作，翻譯作品包括她在2005-2019年間出版的三本歷史傳記。她堅稱書中只使用客觀和真實的歷史文件作為基礎，但源文和譯文之間卻有不少顯著差異。本文旨在研究張戎的慣習、場域和文化資本如何影響自譯過程，理解她翻譯時採用的策略，以確定影響她翻譯決策的因素。文本對其中英作品進行案例研究，將布迪厄提出的慣習、場域和文化資本理論應用於自譯討論，並探討源文和譯文之間的差異，以及造成這些差異的潛在因素。研究證明， 張戎長久以來與各種環境的持續互動顯然影響著她的自譯過程，她成長時的政治和文化背景塑造了她對不同事物的立場。此外。她小時候家境優越，後來也接受了西方教育，這對她的寫作風格和決策過程也有一定程度的影響。本研究期望能讓譯界更理解張戎自譯過程，以及其為歷史與文學翻譯領域所帶來的影響，並強調譯者必須理解這些因素如何影響翻譯過程，以便日後作為參考。

Chang Jung was born in China in 1952 during the Mao Zedong regime. After experiencing the Cultural Revolution, she moved to Britain and became a renowned Chinese-British writer who has been self-translating her works since 2005. These translated works include three biographies published between 2005 and 2019. She has stated that only objective and factual historical documents have been used as the basis for her books. However, significant differences were often noticed between the source and target texts. This thesis examines the impact of habitus, field, and cultural capital on the self-translation process of Chang Jung. The objective of this study is to explore the strategies used by Chang Jung in her self-translation process and to identify the factors that influence her translation decisions. Through a case study of her English works and Chinese translations, this thesis draws on Bourdieu’s theoretical framework of habitus, field, and cultural capital and applies it to the context of self-translation, analyzes the differences between the source and target texts and the underlying factors that contribute to these differences. The result indicates that the Chang Jung’s ongoing interaction with various environment has a significant impact on her self-translation process. The political and cultural context in which she grew up has shaped her perceptions on carious matters. Her privileged background and exposure to Western education have also influenced her writing style and decision-making process. This thesis is expected to offer insights into the broader implications of Chang Jung’s self-translation process for the field of historical and literary translations, and to highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of the ways in which these factors shape the translation process.