一融合在環模擬科技之現代電動貨卡模型

Abstract

隨著歐盟通過2035年起新售車輛零碳排的標準，以及世界各國政府相繼宣告禁售燃油車輛政策的驅使下，車輛驅動系統電動化已成為必然的發展方向。然而目前對於電動車之研究，主要集中於乘用車之系統開發、模擬與驗證，相較之下，對於商用車電動化領域之研究尚顯不足。同時，電動商用車在推廣上由於受限於續航里程及充電時間，成為大規模部署前之最大阻礙，這使得商用車自內燃機轉換至電動驅動系統的目標尚有改善的空間。 本研究選以電動貨車作為研究對象，探討動力元件以及其他因素對於電動貨車之續航里程影響，改善當前電動貨車缺乏專屬駕駛與能耗評估模型之現況。為此，本研究開發一個基於實際車輛之整合模型，包含三種經過驗證之動力系統，並透過嵌入車輛控制策略，搭建基於MATLAB/Simulink環境之車輛模型與控制系統之驗證平台，嘗試解決目前電動貨車續航不足之困境。模擬結果表示，透過選擇特定之動力系統以及駕駛邏輯組合，能夠降低總體能源消耗達30%。同時，本研究延伸探討基於電動貨車開發模型之在環模擬科技應用推廣。此外，藉由記錄開發電動貨車整合模型建立方法，包含自參數取得，驗證以及模擬與評估等一系列流程，同步開源本研究中之電動貨車模型，作為未來車輛產業與教育應用之參考方案。

As the European Union passes the zero-carbon emission standards for new vehicles starting in 2035, and governments worldwide continue to announce policies banning the sale of fossil-fuel powered vehicles, the electrification of vehicle propulsion systems has become an inevitable path for development. However, the current focus of research on electric vehicles primarily revolves around the development, simulation, and validation of passenger vehicle systems. In contrast, the realm of electrifying commercial vehicles still lacks sufficient attraction and attention. Furthermore, the widespread adoption of electric commercial vehicles faces a significant challenge due to limitations in driving range and charging time, presenting a need for improvement in transitioning from internal combustion engines to electric propulsion systems. This study focuses on investigating the impact of power components and other factors on the driving range of electric trucks, aiming to address the current lack of specialized driver and energy consumption assessment models for these vehicles. To achieve this, an integrated model based on the real-world vehicle is developed, incorporating three validated powertrain system options. By incorporating vehicle control strategies, a verification platform is established using the MATLAB/Simulink environment, creating a robust vehicle model and control system to tackle the issue of limited driving range in electric trucks. Under configuration of specified powertrain and strategy combination, can provide up to 30% of power savings. Furthermore, this research extends its exploration to the application and promotion of in-the-loop simulation technology based on the electric truck model. Additionally, by documenting the process for developing the integrated model of electric trucks, including parameter acquisition, verification, simulation, and evaluation processes, this study provides an open-sourced reference for the future vehicle industry and educational applications.