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標題: | 勞工職業災害保險及保護法之法制建立與發展-兼論職業災害預防及重建中心之功能與定位 Legal Establishment and Development of Labor Occupational Accident Insurance and Protection Law- Function and Position of Center for Occupational Accident Prevention and Rehabilitation |
作者: | 黃美禎 Mei-Chen Huang |
指導教授: | 陳顯武 Hsien-Wu Chen |
關鍵字: | 勞工職業災害保險及保護法,職災預防及重建中心,職災重建,職災補償, Labor Occupational Accident Insurance and Protection Act,Center for Occupational Accident Prevention and Rehabilitation,occupational accident rehabilitation,occupational accident compensation, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 我國對於職災勞工的保護制度分別是由勞動基準法、勞工保險條例及職災勞工保護法,這三部法規所建構而成,其各有不同之立法與設計目的,惟隨著產業發展及社會變遷,產生法規、制度、政策等不同層次的問題,交錯影響職災勞工之權益,然而法制的改革是為必要且必需,經由各界努力下,於2022年通過了「勞工職業災害保險及保護法」,這部專法主要分為「保險」及「保護」兩大部分,其中將職災保險自原本的勞工保險條例抽離,並與職業災害勞工保護法之職災保護部分進行整併,另在「保護」的部分,增加設置公設財團法人「財團法人職業災害預防及重建中心」之角色,統籌辦理未涉公權力之職災預防及重建相關業務,期許讓我國職災勞工能獲得更為完善之保護,順利安全重返職場。
本研究是針對我國長期面臨職災勞工保險補償、重建之問題與困境,透過文獻蒐集分析瞭解國際勞工組織、德國及日本等國家在職災保護制度之發展、規範與值得我國借鏡參採之處,另比較「勞工職業災害保險及保護法」施行前、後之制度變革,探討我國職業災害保護制度未來持續努力之方向。研究發現我國在「保險」給付部分已有大幅度之提升,惟對於職災補償部分仍未有完全社會保險法化,且部分勞工仍未能納入保險獲得保障,至於「保護」部分,以「財團法人職業災害預防及重建中心」為推動核心,進行各階段職災重建業務之連結,因業務之推動迄今屆滿一年,其功能及定位尚有可強化及整合之處。 本研究透過分析及探討後,提出可提高保險費率,讓職業災害補償全面社會保險法化,並落實及宣導納保制度,另確保工作者均能獲得保障,應持續滾動式評估納保者之範圍及法律關係之效力,以及強化並明確「財團法人職業災害預防及重建中心」之各項業務定位,以建立完善各項重建業務之連結與轉介機制,並整合與妥善運用職災傷病資料庫及分析,提供職災勞工更完善的重建服務。 Taiwan’s protection system for workers suffering from occupational accidents is based on three laws: the Labor Standards Act, the Labor Insurance Act, and the Act for Protecting Worker of Occupational Accidents. Each law has a different legislative and design objective. However, as industries develop and society changes, different legislative, systematic, and policy problems emerge, which can affect the rights of workers suffering from occupational accidents. Thus, legislative reform is necessary. Actions prompted by people from all walks of life resulted in the passing of the Labor Occupational Accident Insurance and Protection Act in 2022. This law focuses on two major parts: insurance and protection. The occupational accident insurance portion was removed from the Labor Insurance Act and integrated with the occupational accident protection portion of the Act for Protecting Worker of Occupational Accidents. For the protection part, the Center for Occupational Accident Prevention and Rehabilitation was established to manage occupational accident prevention and rehabilitation work that does not involve public authority. This is expected to provide Taiwanese workers suffering from occupational accidents with more comprehensive protection so that they can smoothly and safely return to their work. This study focuses on Taiwan’s long-term insurance compensation and rehabilitation problems with workers suffering from occupational accidents. Reference collection and analysis were conducted to understand the development and specifications of occupational accident protection systems from international labor organizations, Germany, and Japan, which we can use as examples in Taiwan. This study also compares the system reform before and after the implementation of the Labor Occupational Accident Insurance and Protection Act to explore the future and direction of Taiwan’s occupational accident protection system. The result shows that Taiwan’s insurance payout has significantly improved. However, the occupational accident compensation portion still has not passed social insurance legislation and some workers still cannot obtain insurance. For the protection portion, the Center for Occupational Accident Prevention and Rehabilitation is the core of the drive to connect all stages of the occupational accident rehabilitation work. Because this drive has only been active for a year, its function and position can still be improved and integrated. After analysis and discussion, this study proposes that insurance fees can be increased so that occupational accident compensation can comprehensively pass social insurance legislation. The insurance system shall also be realized and promoted to ensure that workers can obtain insurance. Progressive assessment shall be used to evaluate the scope and legal effect of the insured. The work and position of the Center for Occupational Accident Prevention and Rehabilitation shall also be clarified to establish a comprehensive rehabilitation work and referral system. Occupational accident injury database can be integrated and analysis used to provide workers suffering from occupational accidents with more comprehensive rehabilitation services. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88516 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202302540 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 國家發展研究所 |
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