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標題: | 論著作權法對虛擬角色之保護 Copyright Protection for Fictional Characters |
作者: | 滕玉翔 Yu-Hsiang Teng |
指導教授: | 李素華 Su-Hua Lee |
關鍵字: | 著作權法,虛擬角色,清晰描繪標準,角色即故事標準,特別識別性基準, Copyright,Fictional Characters,Distinctive Delineation Standard,The Story Being Told Test,Special Distinctiveness Standard, |
出版年 : | 2022 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本論文所欲探討者為虛擬角色於我國著作權法的現行規範下,得否透過既有法規之詮釋或比較法理論之借鏡獲得充分保護。伴隨角色經濟興起,虛擬角色已不再僅具敘述作品故事之功能,而於產業發展上有其獨特且重要的經濟價值與創作地位。不僅社會大眾多半相信任何角色背後皆有相對應的智慧財產權支撐其保護,相關企業以「角色」為授權與契約談判之標的亦早已行之有年。然而,儘管早在民國93年以前我國實務即有涉及虛擬角色利用行為之訴訟案件存在,法院最終卻係以對「民事名譽權」的侵害作為論證被告侵權行為之基礎,顯見社會大眾對於虛擬角色作為IP產業一環之想像,與我國法院實情並不相符。本論文即欲基此前提,釐清虛擬角色於我國法脈絡下,究係確實受有相當程度之規範保護,或其權利狀態僅存於社會大眾與產業共同默契之想像的狹縫間。
本論文將以說明近來有哪些類型的虛擬角色逐漸風行為始,並分析不同類型角色的主要組成元素為何,以及我國實務過去既有判決之見解。而關於比較法理論之研究,儘管我國娛樂產業主要創作類型或與日本發展較為接近,而以電視劇、漫畫、小說等媒體為重;然而,我國實務運作上,無論法院或主管機關之智慧財產局,其主要參考之外國法例多為美國透過判決先例所發展而來之理論。因此,本論文亦將以美國實務發展脈絡為中心,說明美國早於1930年代起針對虛擬角色所發展而來之一系列著作性審查理論,以及學說相對應之批評,最終提出本論文之立場。由於我國實務過去並未單獨就虛擬角色議題發展特定理論,故於此部分,本論文將先對我國過往案例所採見解進行分析,以釐清現行制度下對虛擬角色保護之不足。最後,透過比較法理論之導入,說明採取著作性審查觀點之必要性與可行性,期能成為後續實務發展的些許參考。 This thesis aims at exploring whether fictional characters could be finely protected under the legal structure of Taiwan’s Copyright Law. As gradually becoming an independent part of entertainment industry, fictional characters are not only “chessmen to tell a story” anymore, but instead show their own economic values. It is true that the audience believing all of the characters is a copyrightable work and the industry also seems character an objective on licensing and contracting. However, our courts simply viewed character as a part of the whole story traditionally and in the end merited the case on the plaintiff side for defendant’s infringement of “right to reputation” in civil codes, demonstrating that the imagination of the public is actually not the same as how the legal system actually works. Hence, this thesis is eager to find out if there is indeed any regulation to protect fictional characters under our copyright law. The thesis starts from introducing several kinds of fictional characters in different categories based on the types of works they originate from. It would also discuss the existing opinion in Taiwanese courts. Although the entertainment industry in Taiwan might be more similar to that in Japan, yet our legal system, including the courts and Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (TIPO), frequently refers to the decisions of the U.S. cases. Therefore, this thesis would also focus on legal theories of fictional character’s copyrightability from the U.S. courts, and analyzing the decisions made by the Taiwanese courts on such basis. The purpose is to discover the insufficiencies in current cases and to contend that it is necessary to introduce the copyrightability theories in order to solve the problems. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88326 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202301451 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 法律學系 |
文件中的檔案:
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ntu-111-2.pdf | 2.84 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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