重思光暈：從阿多諾與班雅民之論辯到液態現代性

Abstract

本論文探討光暈於現今社會中存在的可能性。探討之方向從阿多諾與班雅民對於光暈的定義以及光暈在社會中的實踐。阿多諾與班雅民兩人對於光暈的論辯，開啟了本論文探討社會以及文化隨著時代變遷而形成的新社會發展。從阿多諾與班雅民經歷的機械複製時代，直到現今社會為鮑曼所定義的液態社會，社會結構與特質已有相當大的轉變。本論文嘗試梳理時代變遷下，社會結構與社會特色的轉變，以及其所產生的影響。進一步探討在液態社會之下的光暈將如何自處。本論文主要分為五個章節，第一章主要梳理班雅民的機械複製時代之概念，以及光暈的定義與呈現。第二章主要整理阿多諾對於美學藝術的觀點，如真理內容與謎，比較謎與光暈的異同，並在第二章梳理兩人信件中顯示的不同觀點。第三章提出鮑曼的液態現代性，作為機械複製時代之後的社會定義。鮑曼將現代社會定義為液態社會，以顯示其不穩定性以及變動性。第四章提出消費社會的概念，作為液態現代性中主要的社會樣貌呈現，消費社會中強烈的變動性質，正是液態社會的主要特質。第五章思考在液態社會中如何定義光暈、以及光暈的可能性，人們如何在失去光暈的時代中，思考光暈的價值、或是理解失去光暈的價值。

This dissertation discusses the possibility of “aura” in today’s society. The exploration starts with Adorno and Benjamin’s definition of aura and its practical implications in society. The debates of Adorno and Benjamin on the concept of aura open up the investigation of how new social developments form in response to changes in society and culture over time. From the mechanical reproduction era experienced by Adorno and Benjamin to the present liquid society defined by Bauman, significant transformations have occurred in the social structure and characteristics. This thesis attempts to examine the changes in social structure and societal characteristics brought about by the shift in eras, along with their resulting impacts. Furthermore, it delves into how aura will navigate itself within the context of the liquid society. This thesis is mainly divided into five chapters. The first chapter focuses on examining Benjamin’s concept of the mechanical reproduction era and the definition and manifestation of aura. The second chapter primarily compiles Adorno’s perspective on aesthetics, such as the truth content and enigmaticalness. It compares the differences and similarities between enigmaticalness and aura. Additionally, it examines the divergent viewpoints evident in the correspondence between Adorno and Benjamin. The third chapter presents Bauman’s liquid modernity as a societal definition following the era of mechanical reproduction. Bauman defines modern society as a liquid society to illustrate its instability and fluidity. The fourth chapter introduces the concept of consumer society as the primary social manifestation within liquid modernity. The strong nature of constant change within the consumer society is precisely the main characteristic of a liquid society. The fifth chapter contemplates how to define aura in liquid society and the potential of the presence of aura. It explores how people, in an era where aura is lost, consider the value of aura or understand the significance of its absence.