中共表態政治：習近平反腐運動下地方官員的忠誠信號

Abstract

反腐運動作為習近平執政主軸，隱含著其鞏固政治權力、樹立個人權威的政治邏輯。另一方面，中共菁英宦途中，政治忠誠是獲得黨中央認可的必備條件，而表態支持中央的看齊意識，亦是觀察地方向中央輸誠效忠的關鍵。 本文以廣東省、四川省與湖北省為研究對象，透過地方機關報的頭版新聞文本作為分析標的，運用文字探勘方法，包含自建語料庫的情感字典分析與字詞散佈圖，分析地方對中央與領導人發出的忠誠信號，即正省級高官因貪腐而落馬的地區，是否會加大力道表態示忠，進而彰顯習近平的威權愈加鞏固。 研究發現，習時期反腐肅清政敵、強化中央與個人權威之下，地方對中央表態的效果不全然一致。面對省領導班子的落馬，廣東省加大力道向中央效忠，而四川省與雲南省並沒有明顯反應。細究個案脈絡，各省表忠不同的原因與習上任時期、省的特殊性、落馬案件的屬性、落馬報導的震撼性有關。此外，隨著習上任後的中央目標越來越多元，地方也會依其地方特色與特殊背景而展現不同的表態議題偏好。

The anti-corruption campaign, one of Xi Jinping's governing focuses, carries the political logic of consolidating his political power and establishes personal authority. Besides, political loyalty is a necessary requirement for gaining approval from the Central Committee in the career paths of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) elites. Expressing support for the central leadership through news texts is also a key factor in observing the loyalty of local authorities to the central government. The paper explored three representative cases—Guangdong, Sichuan, and Hubei Province—by analyzing the front-page news texts of local government publications. The study utilized text mining methods, including self-built corpus of sentiment dictionaries and scatter plot of text to examine the loyalty signals conveyed by local governments towards the central government and its leaders in regions where high-ranking provincial officials have been toppled due to corruption. The paper aimed to determine the variations in the expressions of loyalty, and whether the further consolidation of Xi's authoritarian rule was highlighted or not. The study found that under Xi's era, the effects of local expressions of loyalty to the central government were not entirely consistent. Faced with the downfall of provincial leadership, Guangdong Province intensified its loyalty to the central government, while Sichuan and Yunnan Province showed limited reactions. Factors such as the timing of Xi's assumption of office, the specific characteristics of each province, the attributes of the corruption cases, and the impact of media reports on these cases contribute to the varying degrees of loyalty in different provinces. In addition, as the central government's goals under Xi's leadership become increasingly diverse, local authorities would also exhibit different preferences in expressing loyalty based on their unique local characteristics and backgrounds.