請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88004
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 王文宇 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.advisor | Wen-Yeu Wang | en |
dc.contributor.author | 黃俞瑛 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author | Yu-Ying Huang | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-08-01T16:21:06Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-11-09 | - |
dc.date.copyright | 2023-08-01 | - |
dc.date.issued | 2023 | - |
dc.date.submitted | 2023-07-07 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | 一、 中文文獻
(一) 專書: 1. Louis Loss, Joel Seligman,張路譯,《中美國證券監管法基礎》,法律出版社,(初版),頁332(2006) (二) 期刊論文: 1. 王志誠、何雨柔,〈論虛擬貨幣之發展與監理趨勢〉,《財稅研究》,第49卷第3期,頁82(2020)。 2. 王李笑陽、秦波、喬鑫(2018),〈區塊鏈共識機制發展與安全性〉,《中興通訊技術》,24 卷 6 期,頁 8-12。 3. 王榮芳,〈合法私募與非法集資的界定標準〉,《政法論壇》,第2004.6期,頁106(2004)。. 4. 安怡芸,〈證券型代幣監理之相關法制問題研析〉,立法院法制局,頁21(2021)。 5. 何寶宏,〈區塊鏈的理想與現實〉,《中興通訊技術》,第24 卷 6 期,頁 49-51(2018)。 6. 余濤,〈論美國證券法中“其他證券”的界定—規則演變及相互關係〉,《證券法律與監管》,第2020.2期,頁69(2020)。 7. 吳宛怡、王宏瑞,〈證券交易市場之回顧、演進與展望(下)〉,《證券暨期貨月刊》,第29卷第10期,頁29(2001)。 8. 吳幼銘,〈證券發行與證券交易的監管區隔—來自美國1933年《證券法》的經驗〉,《北京大學金融法研究中心》,第98輯(2018)。 9. 李西臣,〈區塊鏈智能合約對傳統合同法的挑戰及應對思路〉,《西華大學學報(哲學社會科學版)》,第39 卷 3 期,頁 100(2020)。 10. 李宜雯、黃曉盈、周玉娟,〈我國對證券型代幣發行、交易及平台監理之規劃方向〉,《證券暨期貨》,第 37 卷第 11 期 ,頁 6(2019)。 11. 林可凡,〈虛擬資產之洗錢趨勢及案例〉,《銀行公會會訊》,第124期,頁1-5(2021年)。 12. 林坤鎮,〈淺談我國證券市場百年發展史〉,《證券暨期貨月刊》,第29卷第9期,頁11(2011)。 13. 林玫君,《區塊鏈智能合約的契約法問題》,國立中正大學法學集刊,63期,2019年4月,頁131。 14. 張少彬,《對國內外點對點傳輸案例分析之我見》,日新,第7期,頁79(2006)。 15. 許芳銘、何祖鳳,〈區塊鏈應用於政府行政創新之挑戰〉,《檔案》,第20卷第1期,頁4-15(2021)。 16. 許國讚、陳望博,《「惣論」第一定律:物思故物在。 區塊鏈「Hierarchical Deterministic Technology(HDT)多層結構確認技術」應用於物聯網身份識別》,TANET2017 臺灣網際網路研討會,頁612(2017)。 17. 郭大維、戴銘昇,〈證券交易法之專家管理與責任 -以財務報告及公開說明書不實案件為中心〉,財團法人證券投資人及期貨交易人保護中心委託專案研究,頁18(2022)。 18. 郭戎晉,〈加密資產浪潮下期貨交易主管機關之監管角色與課題〉,期貨學術與實務交流研討會,台灣期貨交易所,頁01-27(2021)。 19. 郭戎晉,〈區塊鏈在競爭法上之定位與適用問題〉,《公平交易季刊》,第29卷第4期,頁33(2021)。 20. 黃紅元、徐明,〈證券發行法律制度完善研究〉,《證券法苑》,法律出版社,第10卷,頁176(2014)。 21. 黃朝琮,〈首次代幣發行的美麗新世界? 我國證券型代幣之規範架構評釋〉,《交大法學評論》,第6期,頁161(2020)。 22. 楊岳平,〈虛擬資產的洗錢防制監管疆域與國際標準-評我國「虛擬資產平台及交易業務事業防制洗錢及打擊資恐辦法」〉,《法律扶助與社會》第9期,頁93-140(2022)。 23. 楊岳平,〈論虛擬通貨之法律定性—以民事法與金融法為中心〉,《月旦法學雜誌》,第301期,頁4(2020)。 24. 董樂禕,〈區塊鏈智能合約的合同法研究〉,《爭議解決》,第9卷第 2 期,頁 427-230(2018)。 25. 壽大衛,〈你需要知道的科技趨勢—區塊鏈〉,《國教新知》,第65卷第4期,頁1-8(2018)。 26. 劉連煜,〈論金融票券是否可能成爲證券法 上 所規範之證券 一美國聯邦最高法院Reres r. Ernst & Young乙案的檢討〉,《中興法學》,第37期,頁140(1994)。 27. 蔡雅琦,〈亞洲地區執行總體審慎監理介紹–香港、韓國、新加坡、泰國〉,《存款保險資訊季刊》,第32卷第2期,頁116(2019)。 28. 戴銘昇,〈美國證券法規上「證券」之重要判斷原則〉,《證券暨期貨月刊》,第24卷第12期,頁27(2006)。 29. 鍾欣宜,〈首次代幣發行(ICO)監理趨勢初探〉,《經濟研究國家發展委員會經濟發展處》,第19期,頁106-117(2019)。 30. 趙曉康,〈金融仲介理論及其演變〉,《經濟學動態》,第1期,頁69(2003) (三) 官方資料: 1. 金融監督管理委員會,(108)金管證投字第 1080321675 號令,2019 年 6 月 28 日。 2. 〈虛擬通貨平台及交易業務事業防制洗錢及打擊資恐辦法草案總說明〉,《行政院公報》,第27卷第100期 ,頁1(2021/06/01)。 3. 全國法規資料庫,〈虛擬通貨平台及交易業務事業防制洗錢及打擊資恐辦法總說明(110.06.30 訂定)〉,https://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawHistory.aspx?pcode=G0380268(最後瀏覽日:2023/03/11) (四) 學位論文: 1. 李豐凡,《點對點內容遞送網路與內容分享虛擬計價研究》,國立臺灣大學電機工程學研究所碩士論文,頁7(2004)。 (五) 新聞與網路資料: 1. 〈Open Point 點數說明〉,統一超商股份有限公司,https://group.openpoint.com.tw/cdn/about_point.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/02/18)。 2. 〈Telegram 已擁 7 億月活躍用戶,付費訂閱制 Telegram Premium 七大特色一次看〉,科技新報,https://technews.tw/2022/06/20/700-million-users-and-telegram-premium/(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/24)。 3. 〈什麼是加密貨幣空投? 〉,Binance Academy,https://academy.binance.com/zt/articles/what-is-a-crypto-airdrop(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/28)。 4. 〈什麼是節點? 〉,Binance Academy,2023/04/20,https://www.binance.com/zh-TW/academy/blockchain/what-are-nodes/(最後瀏覽日期:2022年12月14日)。 5. 〈區塊鏈+供應鏈! 沃爾瑪試點食品可追溯〉,食品安全協作中心—沃爾瑪,https://www.walmartfoodsafetychina.com/fs%20spotlight/blockchain-and-supply-chain-food-traceability (最後瀏覽日:2023/01/13)。 6. 〈外傳Meta旗下加密貨幣Diem將出售,台灣央行報告:科技巨頭推穩定幣易壟斷支付市場〉,關鍵評論,2022年1月26日,https://www.thenewslens.com/article/162148(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/30) 7. 〈行政院洗錢防制辦公室與金融監督管理委員會合辦虛擬資產犯罪防制研討會,公私部門合力交流遏止不法! 〉,行政院洗錢防制辦公室,https://www.amlo.moj.gov.tw/1506/1507/35686/post(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/10)。 8. 〈法人觀點:美銀美林表示,1973年和1987年美股崩盤或將再度重演〉,財訊快報,2017年2月8日, https://tw.stock.yahoo.com/news/%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E-%E7%BE%8E%E9%8A%80%E7%BE%8E%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA-1973%E5%B9%B4%E5%92%8C1987%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E8%82%A1%E5%B4%A9%E7%9B%A4%E6%88%96%E5%B0%87%E5%86%8D%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8D%E6%BC%94-004537781.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/30) 9. 〈智能合約是什麼? 〉,BINANCE ACADEMY,https://academy.binance.com/zt/articles/what-are-smart-contracts(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/18)。 10. 〈歐盟MiCA擬於2024年生效並適用於規範NFT〉,資策會科技法律研究所,https://stli.iii.org.tw/article-detail.aspx?no=67&tp=1&d=8910 (最後瀏覽日:2023/03/21)。 11. 〈穩定幣是什麼? 美元穩定幣真的那麼穩嗎? 穩定幣風險分析〉,鏈習生,https://chainee.io/what-is-stablecoin/(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/29)。 12. 〈穩定幣是什麼? 常見穩定幣種類? 穩定幣怎麼買、安全嗎? 〉,市場先生,https://rich01.com/what-is-stablecoin-usdt-usdc-busd/#%E7%A9%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%B9%A3%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E%E6%9C%89%E5%93%AA%E4%BA%9B%EF%BC%9F(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/29)。 13. 〈穩定幣監管來了! 美眾議院「穩定幣法案」瞄準四大重點,為何跟美元主導權有關? 〉,數位時代,https://web3plus.bnext.com.tw/article/655?(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/29)。 14. 〈關於隔離見證(SegWit)的初學者指南〉,BIANANCE ACADEMY ,https://academy.binance.com/zt/articles/a-beginners-guide-to-segretated-witness-segwit(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/18)。 15. 〈寶可幣〉,寶可夢Go維基,https://pokemongo.fandom.com/zh/wiki/ 寶可幣?variant=zh-tw(最後瀏覽日:2023/02/18)。 16. Binance Academy,〈什麼是自動化做市商(Automated Market Maker, AMM)? 〉, 2020/10/08,https://academy.binance.com/zt/articles/what-is-an-automated-market-maker-amm(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 17. Binance,〈加密貨幣和通膨:所有您需要知道的一切〉,2022/02/03,https://www.binance.com/zh-TC/blog/fiat/加密貨幣和通膨所有您需要知道的一切-421499824684902682(最後瀏覽日:2022年12月6日)。 18. BlockTempo,〈詳解歐盟MiCA法案:將成全球加密貨幣監管「示範法」〉,2023/04/25,https://www.blocktempo.com/european-union-law-mica-for-crypto/(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/21)。 19. BlockTempo,〈摩根大通聯手Visa! 將打通私有區塊鏈跨境支付網路〉,2022/10/12,https://www.blocktempo.com/jpmorgan-and-visa-bridge-their-private-blockchain-networks/ (最後瀏覽日:2023年1月15日) 20. Foressight News,〈加密資產市場監管法 MiCA,能否讓歐盟全面擁抱 Web3? 〉,(2023/01/03),https://foresightnews.pro/article/detail/22558(最後瀏覽日:2023/03/13)。 21. Jason Liu,〈美國眾議員提案修訂《1993證券法》,引進新術語以釐清「數位代幣」的法律地位〉,BlockTempo,2020/09/25,https://www.blocktempo.com/tom-emmer-propose-bill-along-with-dcea/ (最後瀏覽日:2023/03/30)。 22. Jim,〈歐盟兩大加密法案即將頒布,NFT交易所需申請牌照、穩定幣不得發息〉,鏈新聞,2022/06/28,https://abmedia.io/20220628-mica-and-tfr-to-be-finalized-by-the-end-of-june (最後瀏覽日:2023/03/21)。 23. Joe, 〈駭客砸盤? 疑似 Mt.Gox 攻擊者錢包轉出超 1 萬枚比特幣! 〉,BlockTempo, 2022/08/31,https://www.blocktempo.com/suspected-mt-gox-attackers-transferred-more-than-10000-btc/ (最後瀏覽日:2022年11月26日)。 24. KPMG,〈淺析金管會對證券型代幣之認定方式〉, 2019/08/12,https://kpmg.com/tw/zh/home/insights/2019/08/tw-kpmg-sto-currency-identification-method.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/10) 25. Lee Michael,〈暗網市場驚見「盜竊疫苗、偽造接種證書」,比特幣、門羅幣成非法交易首選? 〉,BlockTempo,2021/07/03,https://www.blocktempo.com/dark-web-using-cryptocurrency-to-trade-illegal-vaccine/(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/09) 26. Mr. Market市場先生,〈 OTC(場外交易)是什麼? 美國場外交易市場有哪些? 交易安全嗎? 〉,2021/12/23,https://rich01.com/what-is-otc-market/#%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%82%A1%E7%A5%A8OTC%E5%A0%B4%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4%E6%9C%89%E5%93%AA%E4% BA%9B%EF%BC%9F(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04) 27. PANews,〈什麼是哈希演算法,如何計算? 〉, 2021/10/20,https://www.panewslab.com/zh_hk/articledetails/N6238399.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/16)。 28. RAYSKYINVESTMENT,〈區塊鏈的礦工費(Gas Fee,Gwei)是什麼? 怎計算? 〉, 2022/09/30,https://www.rayskyinvest.com/62838/gasfee-gwei#Gas-Limit-%E8%A8%AD%E5%AE%9A%E9%81%8E%E4%BD%8E%E6%9C%83%E5%B0%8E%E8%87%B4%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E5%A4%B1%E6%95% 97(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 29. Richard Quinnell,〈區塊鏈是釋放物聯網潛力的關鍵? 〉,EET 電子工程專輯,2019/08/29,https://www.eettaiwan.com/20190829nt01-blockchain-bolstering-the-internet-of-things/ (最後瀏覽日:2023/1/11)。 30. Sandra,〈探討|面向加密貨幣投資新手,如何辨識哄抬幣價的「拉高倒貨」陰謀? 〉,BlockTempo,2020/08/31,https://www.blocktempo.com/how-to-identify-a-pump-and-dump-scheme/(最後瀏覽日:2023/04/10) 31. Wei- Cheng,〈區塊鏈共識機制 — DPOS 權益委託證明 Delegated Proof Of Stake〉, 2018/06/04,https: weicheng-hsieh.medium.com/%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A%E9%8F%88%E5%85%B1%E8%AD%98%E6%A9%9F%E5%88%B6-dpos-%E6%AC%8A%E7%9B%8A%E5%A7%94%E8%A8%97%E8%AD%89%E6%98% 8E-delegated-proof-of-stake-cb59e345802c(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/19)。 32. 工商時報,〈布雷頓森林協定 建立美元主導地位〉,2021/12/09,https://ctee.com.tw/bookstore/selection/557193.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 33. 工商時報名家評論,〈「財政赤字貨幣化」將成為新日常〉,2020/05/26,https://view.ctee.com.tw/analysis/19984.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 34. 中銀律師事務所,〈簡析-金管會核定證券性質之虛擬通貨屬證券交易法之有價證券函釋〉, 2019/07/09,https://zhongyinlawyer.com. tw/%E9%87%91%E7%AE%A1%E6%9C%83%E6%A0%B8%E5%AE%9A%E8%AD%89%E5%88%B8%E6%80%A7%E8%B3%AA%E4%B9%8B%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E9%80%9A%E8%B2%A8%E5%B1%AC%E8%AD%89%E5%88%B8%E4%BA%A4% E6%98%93%E6%B3%95%E4%B9%8B%E6%9C%89/(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/10)。 35. 市場先生,〈DPoS權益委託證明機制是什麼? DPoS投票挖礦有什麼優缺點? 〉, 2021/12/14,https://rich01.com/what-is-dpos/(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/19)。 36. 成祺,〈2022年區塊鏈技術在原宇宙中的應用研究報告系列(五):哈希演算法與時間戳〉,頭豹,頁8(2022),https://pdf.dfcfw.com/pdf/H3_AP202205131565255805_1.pdf?1652428670000.pdf(最後瀏覽日:2022/11/22)。 37. 李震華,〈全球區塊鏈發展趨勢與產業應用解析〉,財團法人資訊工業策進會,2020/03/02,https://www.cs.nccu.edu.tw/uploads/root/20200302.pdf (最後瀏覽日:2023/01/14) 38. 防制洗錢金融行動工作組織指引,「防制洗錢及打擊資恐措施與普惠金融」,2013/02,https://www.amlo.moj.gov.tw/media/20211382/防制洗錢金融行動工作組織-防制洗錢及打擊資恐措施與普惠金融.pdf?mediaDL=true(最後瀏覽日:2023/02/10) 39. 周信佑,〈從「辛巴威奇觀」探討通膨成因與對策〉,財團法人國家政策研究基金會國政評論,2008/08/07,https://www.npf.org.tw/1/4524? County=%25E5%25BD%25B0%25E5%258C%2596%25E7%25B8%25A3&site=(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 40. 林建甫,〈海嘯沖刷 金價高點振盪〉,財團法人國家政策研究基金會國政評論,2009/04/24,https://www.npf.org.tw/1/5783? County=%25E9%2587%2591%25E9%2596%2580%25E7%25B8%25A3&site=(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 41. 金融監督管理委員會,〈比特幣並非貨幣,接受者務請注意風險承擔問題〉, 2013/12/30,https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=201312300002& aplistdn=ou=news,ou=multisite,ou=chinese,ou=ap_root,o=fsc,c=tw&toolsflag=Y&dtable=News(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/10)。 42. 金融監督管理委員會,〈金管會提醒社會大眾有關虛擬資產的相關風險〉, 2021/04/20,https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202104200003& dtable=News(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/21)。 43. 金融監督管理委員會,〈金管會擔任具金融投資或支付性質之虛擬資產平台主管機關之推動規劃〉,2023/03/30,https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0,2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202303300001&dtable=News(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/21)。 44. 香港理工大學專業進修學院,〈企業數碼化新時代〉,頁55,https://spetpc.speed-polyu.edu.hk/ebook/ch4.pdf(最後瀏覽日:2023年1月11日)。 45. 高梓根,〈臉書加密貨幣Libra美國國會聽證會 挨批「只想著賺錢」〉,台灣英文新聞,2019年07月17日,https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/ch/news/3746480 (最後瀏覽日:2023/03/30)。 46. 高雅欣,〈微軟、IBM卡位區塊鏈! 它讓你吃下的不只是美味佳餚,還有食品安全數據〉,Yahoo!新聞,2020/03/25,https://tw.stock.yahoo. com/news/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BB%9F-ibm%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%8D%E5%8D%80%E5%A1%8A%E9%8F%88-%E5%AE%83%E8%AE%93%E4%BD%A0%E5%90%83%E4%B8%8B%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AA%E6%98%AF%E7%BE% 8E%E5%91%B3%E4%BD%B3%E9%A4%9A-%E9%82%84%E6%9C%89%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A-010000814.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/19)。 47. 區塊客,〈以太坊「擁堵」尚無解方,其它公鏈會趁機襲擊嗎? 〉, 2020/10/23,https://blockcast.it/2020/10/23/who-will-be-the-alternative-platforms-for-ethereum/(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 48. 區塊客,〈即將到來的「以太坊 2.0」,對用戶會產生怎樣的影響? 〉, 2022/07/29,https://blockcast.it/2022/07/29/effects-of-the-big-merge-from-eth-to-eth2/#%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA%E5%9D%8A_20(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/19)。 49. 區塊客,〈破除區塊鏈常見迷思! 51% 算力攻擊會是「比特幣殺手」嗎? 〉, 2021/02/10,https://blockcast.it/2021/02/10/aax-what-is-a-51-attack-on-the-bitcoin-blockchain/(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/19)。 50. 教育部資訊及科技教育司,〈臺灣學術網路環境介紹〉,載於:https://depart.moe.edu.tw/ed2700/News_Content.aspx?n=697CD84F427DE922&sms=954B3E2521E9F948&s=33FDC49817347991(最後瀏覽日:2022.08.05)。 51. 貨幣金融知識專區,〈1971年8月15日尼克森關閉「黃金窗口」、終結「布列敦森林制度」! 〉,2021/10/13,https://knowledge.cbc.gov.tw/front/knowledge/D3C89AC1-DA2B-EC11-814B-2C44FD83FB4B(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 52. 陶冬,〈現代貨幣理論遇到市場天敵〉,今週刊,2022/11/02。 https://www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/183025/post/202211020016/(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/27)。 53. 董華春,〈從“Howey檢驗” 看“投資合同”〉,北京大學金融法研究中心,https://www.finlaw.pku.edu.cn/jrfy/gk/2003_jrfy/2003nzd52j/240402.htm(最後瀏覽日:2023年4月20日)。 54. 資誠,〈金管會「研商證券型代幣發行(STO)監理規範座談會」重點摘要〉, 2019/06/19,https://www.pwc.tw/zh/services/legal/issues/legal-alert-20190619.html(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/21)。 55. 劉昱劭,〈不識廬山真面目,只緣身在此山中:評臺灣金管會核定證券性質虛擬通貨之令〉,理慈法律事務所, https://www.leetsai.com/%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84/too-close-to-see-the-truth%EF%BC%82-commentary-on-the-taiwan-governments-directive-to-determine-whether-a-cryptocurrency-token-is-a-security?lang=zh-hant#_ftn3 (最後瀏覽日:2023年4月20日)。 56. 數位小幫手,〈加密貨幣交易平台,3 分鐘了解中心化與去中心化交易所的差別〉, 2023/02/09,https://digitalyoming.com/difference-between-centralized-and-decentralized-exchanges/(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 57. 數位小幫手,〈市場深度 (DOM) 或交易深度是什麼? 很重要嗎? 它如何影響交易成本? 〉, 2023/02/18,https://digitalyoming.com/market-depth/(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 58. 數位時代,〈史上最離奇? 加密貨幣交易平臺Poly Network遭駭168億,駭客卻主動歸還洗劫金〉, 2021/08/13,https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/64445/poly-network-hacked(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 59. 數位時代,〈史上最離奇? 加密貨幣交易平臺Poly Network遭駭168億,駭客卻主動歸還洗劫金〉, 2021/08/13,https://www.bnext.com.tw/article/64445/poly-network-hacked(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 60. 賴彥廷,《全節點與輕節點:以太坊節點面面觀 <10> 文組也該知道的區塊鏈技術知識》,2020年6月3日,https://medium.com/pelith/ethereum-nodes-d3e07745d189,(最後瀏覽日:2022年12月14日)。 61. 魏喬怡、彭禎伶,〈金管會與央行達成正名共識 虛擬資產 厲行實名制〉,中時新聞網,2018/08/11,https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20180811000288-260205?chdtv(最後瀏覽日:2023/02/10)。 62. 鏈新聞,〈媒體稱比特幣核心維護者僅剩四人、掌握比特幣命運,真相是什麼? 〉,(2023/3/6),https://abmedia.io/20230306-who-controls-bitcoin-core(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/18)。 63. 關鍵評論,〈什麼是冷錢包、熱錢包? 新手如何選擇適合自己的加密貨幣錢包? 〉, 2022/11/15,https://www.thenewslens.com/article/176466(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 64. 關鍵評論,〈什麼是冷錢包、熱錢包? 新手如何選擇適合自己的加密貨幣錢包? 〉, 2022/11/15,https://www.thenewslens.com/article/176466(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 65. 關鍵評論,〈什麼是冷錢包、熱錢包? 新手如何選擇適合自己的加密貨幣錢包? 〉, 2022/11/15,https://www.thenewslens.com/article/176466(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 66. 關鍵評論,〈虛擬貨幣錢包的兩大類型:託管與非託管 — 沒有私鑰就不算真正擁有加密資產〉, 2022/01/07,https://www.cool3c.com/article/171023(最後瀏覽日:2023/05/04)。 二、 英文文獻 (一) 專書: 1. Evan Kereiakes, Do Kwon, Marco Di Maggio, Nicholas Platias, TERRA MONEY: STABILITY AND ADOPTION (2019). 2. SUBHASH CHANDRA YADAV, INTRODUCTION TO CLIENT/SERVER COMPUTING (2009). (二) 期刊論文: 1. Andrew F. Tuch, Securities Underwriters in Public Capital Markets: The Existence, Parameters and Consequences of the Fiduciary Obligation to Avoid Conflicts, 7 J. CORP. L. STUD. 51, 55 (2007). 2. Benjamin van Adrichem, Howey Should be Distributing New Cryptocurrencies: Applying the Howey Test to Mining, Airdropping, Forking, and Initial Coin Offerings, 20 Colum. SCL. & TECH. L. REV. 389, 399 (2018). 3. Blum, E.R., Kiayias, A., Moore, C., & Quader, S., The Combinatorics of the Longest-Chain Rule: Linear Consistency for Proof-of-Stake Blockchains, in Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, 1135-1154 (SOC'Y FOR INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS, 2020). 4. C. Dwork & M. Naor, Pricing via processing or combatting junk mail, in Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology (Santa Barbara, California, USA: Springer-Verlag, 1992), 139-147. 5. Carol R Goforth, U.S. Law: Crypto Is Money, Property, a Commodity, and a Security, All at the Same Time, JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL TRANSFORMATION, FORTHCOMING 1 (2018). 6. Chohan, U.W., The Double Spending Problem and Cryptocurrencies (Jan. 26, 2021). 7. Chris Rose, The Evolution Of Digital Currencies: Bitcoin, A Cryptocurrency Causing A Monetary Revolution, 14 INT'L BUS. & ECON. RES. J. 617 (2015). 8. Christoph Jentzsch, Decentralized Autonomous Organization to Automate Governance Final Draft – Under Review, https://download.slock.it/public/DAO/WhitePaper.pdf 9. Cohen, Lewis and Strong, Greg and Lewin, Freeman and Chen, Sarah, The Ineluctable Modality of Securities Law: Why Fungible Crypto Assets Are not Securities (November 10, 2022). 10. David Lucking & Vinod Aravind, Cryptocurrency as a Commodity:The CFTC's Regulatory,Global LEGAL INSIGHTS, Aug. 2020, at 4. 11. Don Tapscott & Alex Tapscott, BlockChain Revolution: How The Technology Behind Bitcoin is Changing Money, Business, And The World (2016). 12. F. Victor & B.K. Lüders, Measuring Ethereum-based erc20 Token Networks, in Financial Cryptography and Data Security, 113-129 (2019). 13. George Walker, Financial Markets and Exchanges, FINANCIAL MARKETS AND EXCHANGES LAW 4 (Michael Blair et al. eds., 2nd ed. 2012). 14. Gordon J D III. Interplanetary intelligence about promissorynotes as securities. Tex. L. Rev, 1990, 69: 395. 15. Harold H. Neff, Forms for Registration of Secutities under the Acts of 1933 and 1934, HARV. L. REV. VOL. 51, NO. 8 (Jun., 1938) 16. He, M. D., Habermeier, M. K. F., Leckow, M. R. B., Haksar, M. V., Almeida, M. Y., Kashima, M. M., ... & Yepes, M. C. V., Virtual currencies and beyond: initial considerations. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (2016). https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/sdn/2016/sdn1603.pdf (last visited Feb. 9, 2023). 17. Janet Austin, What Exactly Is Market Integrity? An Analysis of One of the Core Objectives of S.E.C.urity Regulation, 8 WM. & MARY BUS. L. REV. 215, 222-24 (2017). 18. Kristin N. Johnson, Decentralized Finance: Regulating Cryptocurrency Exchanges, WILLIAM & MARY LAW REVIEW, VOL. 62 (2021). 19. Lindsay X. Lin, Deconstructing Decentralized Exchanges, Stan. J. Blockchain L. POL’Y (Jan. 5, 2019). 20. Loïc Lesavre, Priam Varin & Dylan Yaga, Blockchain Networks: Token Design and Management Overview, 2 (2021) (published by National Institute of Standards and Technology) 21. M. Mukhopadhyay, Ethereum Smart Contract Development: Build blockchain-based decentralized applications using solidity (Packt Publishing) (2018) 22. Maura K. Monaghan, An Uncommon State of Confusion: The Common Enterprise Element of Investment Contract Analysis, 63 Fordham L. Rev. 2135, 2147 (1995) 23. Merritt B. Fox, Lawrence R. Glosten & Gabriel V. Rauterberg, The New Stock Market: Sense and Nonsense, 65 DUKE L. J. 191, 222 (2015) 24. Michael R. Davis, Unregulated Investment in Certain Death: Sec v. Life Partners, Inc., 42 VILL. L. Rev. 925, 938-39 (1997). 25. Michael Sockin & Wei Xiong, A Model of Cryptocurrencies, w.26816 NEBER WORKING PAPER (2020). 26. Natarajan, H., Krause, S., & Gradstein, H., Distributed ledger technology and blockchain, (2017). 27. Paul L. Davies Et Al., Gower & Davies: Principles of Modern Company Law 926 ¶ 25-27 (9th ed. 2012). 28. Robert Sistoso, Post-EtherDelta: Clarifying Liabilities for Cryptocurrency Exchanges and Market Participants, 39 Cardozo Art & Ent. L.J. 343 (2021). 29. S. Asif, The halal and haram aspect of cryptocurrencies in Islam, In The Name of Allah, The most Beneficent, The most Merciful, 91 (2018). 30. S. Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, https://bitcoin.org/files/bitcoin-paper/bitcoin_zh_cn.pdf (last visited Nov. 21, 2022) 31. S.T. Howell et al., Initial Coin Offerings: Financing Growth With Cryptocurrency Token Sales, 33 REV. FIN. STUD. 3927 (2019) 32. Saule T. Omarova, New Tech vs. New Deal: Fintech as a Systemic Phenomenon, 36 Yale J. On REGUL. 735 (2019) 33. Saule T. Omarova, New Tech vs. New Deal: Fintech as a Systemic Phenomenon, 36 YALE J. ON REGUL. 735 (2019) 34. Shaanan Cohney, David Hoffman, Jeremy Sklaroff & David Wishnick, Coin-Operated Capitalism, 119 COLUM. L. REV. 591, 603 (2019) 35. Stablecoins: Legal Issues and Regulatory Options (Part 1), Congressional research Service, https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10753. (2022). 36. Syren Johnstone, S.E.C. secondary Markets in Digital Assets: Rethinking Regulatory Policy in Centralized and Decentralized Environments, Stan. L. & Pol’y Rev. ( 2020). 37. William Magnuson, Regulating Fintech, 71 VAND. L. REV. 1167, 1167 (2018) 38. Zeshun Shi, Cees de Laat, Paola Grosso, Zhiming Zhao, Integration of Blockchain and Auction Models: A Survey, Some Applications, and Challengesh, arXiv:2110.12534 ( 2022) (三) 官方資料: 1. European Central Bank(2012), Virtual Currency Schemes, available at: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/virtualcurrencyschemes201210en.pdf, p.13 ( last visited Feb. 17, 2023). 2. European Parliament, 2019-2024, Markets in Crypto-assets (MiCa), European Parliament legislative resolution of Apr. 20, 2023, on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on Markets in Crypto-assets and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937, available at https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2023-0117_EN.pdf (last visited Feb. 20, 2023) 3. Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), "Guidelines for Enquiries Regarding the Regulatory Framework for Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs)" (2018). 4. ATF (2013-2021), Methodology for Assessing Compliance with the FATF Recommendations and the Effectiveness of AML/CFT Systems. FATF, PARIS, FRANCE. Available at: http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/mutualevaluations/documents/fatf-methodology.html (last visited Feb 12, 2023) 5. FINMA. FINMA Guidance 04/2017 – Regulatory Treatment of Initial Coin Offerings. Sept. 29, 2017, accessed at: https://www.finma.ch/en/documentation/finma-guidance/#Order=4. 6. Financial Market Infrastructure Act (FinMIA) art. 2, let. B. 7. Proposal for a regulation Of The European Parliament And Of The Council on Markets in Crypto-assets, and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937, available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:f69f89bb-fe54-11ea-b44f-01aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_1&format=PDF#page=35 (last visited Feb. 20, 2023). 8. FinCEN, Application of FinCEN’s Regulations to Persons Administering Exchanging, or Using Virtual Currencies. No.Fina-2013-G001(2013) 9. FinCEN, Application of FinCEN’s Regulations to Certain Business Models Involving Convertible Virtual Currencies. No.Fina-2019-G001(2019) 10. Unif. Regulation of Virtual Currency Bus. Act (NAT’L CON.FERENCE OF COMM’RS ON UNIF. SATE LAWS 2017). 11. I.R.S Notice 2014-21, 2014-16 I.R.B 938 (Apr. 14, 2014) 12. S.Rep. No. 792, 73d Cong., 2d Sess., 14 (1934). 13. STRATEGIC HUB FOR INNOVATION & FIN. TECH., SEC, FRAMEWORK FOR “INVESTMENT CONTRACT ” ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL ASSET, https://www.sec.gov/files/dlt-framework.pdf. 14. William Hinman, Director, Division of Corporation Finance, SEC, Remarks at the Yahoo Finance All Markets Summit: Digital Asset Transactions: When Howey Met Gary (Plastic) (June 14, 2018), https://www.sec.gov/news/speech/speech-hinman-061418 15. SEC, Report of Investigation Pursuant to Section 21(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: The DAO, Exchange Act Rel. No. 81207 at 11 (July 25, 2017). 16. SEC Charges Terraform and CEO Do Kwon with Defrauding Investors in Crypto Schemes, SEC Press release (Feb. 16, 2023). 17. S.E.C. Charges Creator of Global Crypto Ponzi Scheme and Three US Promoters in Connection with $295 Million Fraud, S.E.C. Press release (Nov. 4, 2022), https://www. S.E.C.. gov/news/press-release/2022-201 18. Tom Emmer, Emmer Introduces Legislation to Provide Certainty for Digital Assets Under Secutities Laws, Tom Emmer Press Releases (July 15, 2021), https://emmer.house.gov/2021/7/emmer-introduces-legislation-to-provide-certainty-for-digital-assets under-Secutities-law 19. Report on Issues in the Regulation of Cross-Border Proprietary Screen-Based Trading Systems, International Organization of Secutities Commissions (Oct. 1994). 20. Robert R. Bliss & Robert S. Steigerwald, Derivatives Clearing and Settlement: A Comparison of Central Counterparties and Alterative Structures, 30 Econ. Press., No. 4, 2006, at 22, 22-23. 21. U.S. S.E.C.&Exch.Comm’n, Strategic Plan: Fiscal Years 2014-2018, at 3 (2016), https://www.sec.gov/about/sec-strategic-plan-2014-2018.pdf 22. National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, PUB. L. No. 104-290, §150. 23. Administrative Proceeding File No. 3-18888, SEC (Nov. 2018) 24. SEC Proposes Amendments to Include Significant Treasury Markets Platforms Within Regulation ATS, SEC (Jan. 26, 2022), https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2022-10. 25. Amendments Regarding the Definition of “Exchange” and Alternative Trading Systems (ATSs) That Trade U.S. Treasury and Agency Securities, National Market System (NMS) Stocks, and Other Securities, FEDERAL REGIDTER (Mar. 18, 2022) 26. Neptune Networks, Ltd., SEC No Action Letter (Mar. 4, 2020) 27. Vanessa A. Countryman, Re: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Amendments to Exchange Act Rule 3b-16 Regarding the Definition of "Exchange". 28. Regulation ATS for ATSs That Trade U.S. Government Securities, NMS Stocks, and Other Securities. 29. Regulation SCI for ATSs That Trade U.S. Treasury Securities and Agency Securities. 30. File No. S7- 02-22, DEFI EDUCATION FUND. (Apr. 18, 2022) (四) 新聞與網路資料: 1. Alexander Drylewski, Merin Cherian, Anchor down: SEC looks to stablecoin's connected 'ecosystem' to assert jurisdiction,REUTERS , Mar. 15 2023, https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/anchor-down-sec-looks-stablecoins-connected-ecosystem-assert-jurisdiction-2023-03-15/. 2. Alys Key, Vote on EU’s Landmark MiCA Crypto Bill Delayed Again, DECRYPT (Jan. 17, 2023), https://decrypt.co/119377/vote-on-eu-landmark-crypto-bill-delayed-again (last visited June 21, 2023). 3. Amundsen Davis LLC, Ripple Effect: SEC Lawsuit against Cryptocurrency Company May Provide Guidance For Crypto Industry, JDSUPRA, https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/ripple-effect-sec-lawsuit-against-7946641/ (Mar. 12,2021) 4. Andrew Loo, Cryptocurrency Exchanges, CFI (Apr. 03, 2023), https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/cryptocurrency/cryptocurrency-exchanges/ 5. Andrew Stephenson, What is a SAFT and how does it work for Compliant ICOs/STO? Manhattan Street Capital (Dec. 4, 2017). 6. Azad Ali, Pietro Piazzi, EU's Proposed Legislation Regulating Cryptoassets, MiCA, Heralds New Era of Regulatory Scrutiny (2022), SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP, available at: https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2022/11/eus-proposed-legislation (last visited Mar. 13, 2023). 7. Binance Academy, Hards Forks and Soft Forks Explained, Nov. 28, 2018, available at https://academy.binance.com/en/articles/hard-forks-and-soft-forks (last visited Dec. 29, 2022). 8. Chairman’s Testimony on Virtual Currencies: The Roles of the S.E.C. and CFTC: Hearing Before the S. Comm. on Banking, Hous. & Urb. Affs., 115th Cong. 2 (2018), https://www. S.E.C.. gov/news/testimony/testimony-virtual-currencies-oversight-role-us-Secutities-and-exchange-commission. 9. Cheryl L. Isaac, Keri E. Riemer, Christine Mikhael, Stephen M. Humenik, CFTC and SEC Perspectives on Cryptocurrency and Digital Assets – Volume I: A Jurisdictional Overview, K&L GATE HUB, May 06, 2022, https://www.klgates.com/CFTC-and-SEC-Perspectives-on-Cryptocurrency-and-Digital-Assets-Volume-I-A-Jurisdictional-Overview-5-6-2022 (last visited Apr 10, 2023). 10. CoinMarketCap, Top Stablecoin Tokens by Market Capitalization, available at: https://coinmarketcap.com/view/stablecoin/ (last visited June 12, 2023). 11. CyStack, "Distributed Denial Of Service Attacks In Cryptocurrency Exchanges," CYSTACK (Jun. 27, 2022), available at https://cystack.net/blog/distributed-denial-of-service-attacks-in-cryptocurrency-exchanges (last visited Nov. 26, 2022). 12. Dave Michaels & Paul Vigna, Facebook Pressed on Protections for Crypto-currency Users, WALL ST. J. (July 17, 2019, 4:44 PM), https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-pressed-on-protections-for-cryptocurrency-users-11563396239 13. Deloitte, Are Token Assets The Securities of Tomorrow?, https://www2.deloitte.com/ie/en/pages/financial-services/articles/are-token-assets-securities-tomorrow.html (last visited Mar. 27, 2023). 14. Edwin E. Smith, Steven O. Weise, Committee on Commercial Finance, ABA Business Law Section, Uniform Commercial Code Committee, ABA Business Law Section, The Proposed 2022 Amendments to the Uniform Commercial Code: Digital Assets, ABA BUSINESS LAW SECTION, March.25, 2022, https://businesslawtoday.org/2022/03/proposed-2022-amendments-uniform-commercial-code-digital-assets/ (last visited Apr 15, 2023). 15. Jake Frankenfield, What Does Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Mean in Crypto? (2022), available at: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/proof-stake-pos.asp (last visited Dec 22, 2022). 16. James Debono, Mark Caruana Scicluna, The Classification Of Cryptoassets Under The New Markets In Crypto-Assets Regulation, Ganado Advocates., Jan. 27, 2023, at 1, https://www.mondaq.com/fin-tech/1276190/the-classification-of-cryptoassets-under-the-new-markets-in-crypto-assets-regulation? 17. James Howell, What Is A Centralized Crypto Exchange (CEX)?, 101 BLOCKCHAINS (Feb. 24, 2023), https://101blockchains.com/centralized-crypto-exchange/ 18. Jason Fernando, Bitcoin vs. Litecoin: What's the Difference?, INVESTOPEDIA, June 17, 2022, https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/042015/bitcoin-vs-litecoin-whats-difference.asp (last visited Apr 7, 2023). 19. Josh Stark, Making Sense of Blockchain Smart Contracts, COINDESK (Jun. 4, 2016), https://www.coindesk.com/making-sense-smart-contracts/. 20. Juan Batiz-Benet, Jesse Clayburgh, & Marco Santori, The SAFT Project: Toward a Compliant Token Sale Framework (Oct. 2, 2017) 21. Kai Zhang, Philip J. Morgan, Jeremy M. McLaughlin, MICA – Overview of the New EU Crypto-Asset Regulatory Framework (Part 1) (2022), K&L GATES LLP, available at: https://www.klgates.com/MiCA-Overview-of-the-new-EU-crypto-asset-regulatory-framework-Part-1-11-15-2022 (last visited Feb. 20, 2023) 22. Ledger Insights, SEC inclusion of DeFi in ‘exchange’ definition attracts pushback, LEDGER INSIGHTS, https://www.ledgerinsights.com/sec-defi-exchange-definition/ (Apr. 18,2023) 23. Ledger Lawyer, E-Money Tokens under the EU’s Proposed Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation, https://medium.com/coinmonks/e-money-tokens-under-the-eus-incoming-markets-in-crypto-assets-regulation-8b14de12c1d9 (last visited Mar.21.2023) 24. Leslie Kramer, Primary vs. Secondary Capital Markets: What’s the Difference?, Investopedia (Oct. 2, 2020), https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/012615/whats-difference-between-primary-and-Secondary-capital-markets.asp 25. Matthew Kohen, State Regulations on Virtual Currency and Blockchain Technologies (Updated July 2020), JDSUPRA, July. 15 2020, https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/state-regulations-on-virtual-currency-66988/ (last visited Apr 9, 2023). 26. Olga Torres, FinCEN Crypto & Ransomware Guidance: Will 2022 Bring More Changes?, JDSUPRA, Jan 26, 2022, https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/fincen-crypto-ransomware-guidance-will-2556933/ (last visited Apr 9, 2023). 27. PlanetCompliance. What is the difference between utility, security and payment tokens? (last visited Feb. 18, 2023). Available at: https://www.planetcompliance.com/what-is-the-difference-between-utility-security-and-payment-tokens/. 28. Quantum Mechanic, Proof of stake instead of proof of work (2011), available at: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=27787.0 (last visited Dec 22, 2022) 29. Rakesh Sharma, SEC Chair Says Bitcoin Is Not A Security, INVESTOPEDIA , June 25, 2019, https://www.investopedia.com/news/sec-chair-says-bitcoin-not-security/. 30. RSK Developers Portal, The Difference between a Cryptocurrency and a Token, RSK DEVELOPERS PORTAL, https://developers.rsk.co/guides/get-crypto-on-rsk/cryptocurrency-vs-token/ (last visited Mar, 27 2023). 31. Sahel Ahyaie Assar, INSIGHT: Taxation of Cryptocurrencies—In Anticipation of the IRS’s Call, BLOOMBERG TAX, Sept.13, 2019, https://news.bloombergtax.com/daily-tax-report/insight-8 (last visited Apr 10, 2023). 32. Sandra Feldman, UCC adds Article 12 and other amendments to address emerging technologies, WOLTERS KLUWER, Sept.09, 2022, https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/expert-insights/uniform-commercial-code-ucc-amended-to-address-emerging-technologies (last visited Apr 15, 2023). 33. SCORECHAIN, What is a security token?, available at: https://www.scorechain.com/resources/crypto-glossary/security-token. (Accessed: March 11, 2023). 34. SEC, SEC Charges Ripple and Two Executives with Conducting $1.3 Billion Unregistered Securities Offering, SEC PRESS RELEASE, https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2020-338 (2020) 35. Slockit, Slock.it DAO demo at Devcon1: IoT + Blockchain, YOUTUBE (Nov. 13, 2015),https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49wHQoJxYPo 36. The Investopedia Team, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) Overview, INVESTOPEDIA, Sep 26, 2021, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cftc.asp (last visited Apr 10, 2023). 37. The Investopedia Team, Understanding Money: Its Properties, Types, and Uses, INVESTOPEDIA, July 04, 2022, https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/money.asp (last visited Apr 8, 2023). 38. The Merge, available at: https://ethereum.org/en/roadmap/merge/ (last visited June19, 2023). 39. Top Cryptocurrency Spot Exchanges, COINMARKETCAP, https://coinmarketcap.com/rankings/exchanges/ 40. Troutman Pepper, Proposed SEC Rule Would Place Cryptocurrency Trading Platforms Under SEC Jurisdiction, LEXOLOGY, HTTPS://WWW.LEXOLOGY.COM/LIBRARY/DETAIL.ASPX?G=22A662D7-7C21-4FD5-9427-5CA1A6CBFB65 (MAY. 04, 2023) 41. Virconlegal, Private Investment Vehicles: SAFEs vs. SAFTs, VIRCON LEGAL, https://virconlegal.com/private-investment-vehicles-safes-vs-safts/ ( Apr. 11, 2022) 三、 日文文獻 (一) 新聞與網路資料: 1. 〈サトシ・ナカモトとは何者か〉,Coinbase,https://www.coinbase.com/ja/learn/crypto-basics/who-is-satoshi-nakamoto(最後瀏覽日:2023/06/12)。 2. 日本經濟新聞、〈仮想通貨、「暗資産號」に名稱変更へ 金融庁〉,2018/12/17,https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO39037000X11C18A2EE9000/(閲覧日:2023/2/09)。 3. 高松志直,〈消費者問題アラカルト 仮想通貨から暗号資産へ: 暗号資産をめぐ|法改正の動向 (利用者保護のためのルール整備)〉,《國民生活》,第91期,頁11-14(2020年)。 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88004 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 近年來,Coinbase、Binance和Bittrex等虛擬資產交易所除了提供虛擬資產交易外,還推出了各種額外的服務,例如借貸或質押等。 然而,這些行為引起了美國證券交易委員會的高度關注,並引發了一系列的司法行動。 儘管有些虛擬資產之目的旨在作為替代法定貨幣或僅作為支付之工具,然出於保護投資者之考量,美國監管機構傾向於將所有虛擬資產納入證券之範疇,此舉無疑將抑制該產業的發展。 是以,欲釐明虛擬資產於美國法中當屬何種性質,本文志欲探討所受《美國證券法》及《美國證券交易法》監管之「證券」,並以豪威測試(Howey Test)對投資契約加以再析與重構。 本文將以區塊鏈技術為基石,細究豪威測試之各項要件,並藉由分析與研究區塊鏈底層技術及其各層次之應用,進一步闡釋虛擬資產在豪威測試下之適用性。 因此,本文認為在判斷虛擬資產是否具備證券性質時,務須重視技術底層之析論與探究,尤以需關注於點對點分散式網絡與智慧合約之層面。
另外,茲因FTX破產事件之爆發,對於區塊鏈與交易平台者之辯論日漸激烈,俾此使得美國監管機構為其訂定新修法案,將虛擬資產交易平台納入監管範疇,並增訂通訊協議系統以作為「證券交易所」之定義要件之一。 然,斯新之監管規範猶存與現今技術結構不合之處,爰本文著眼於技術底層,對通訊協議系統之要素進行拆解並探究其對虛擬資產證券交易所定義及次級市場之衝擊。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | In recent years, the emergence of cryptocurrency exchanges such as Coinbase, Binance, and Bittrex has garnered significant attention and regulatory scrutiny from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). While certain digital assets are primarily designed as currency alternatives, U.S. regulators tend to classify crypto assets uniformly as securities. While this approach aims to protect investors, it may inadvertently hinder industry growth and innovation.
Consequently, this paper aims to reassess the registration requirements for securities governed by the U.S. Securities Act and the U.S. Securities Exchange Act, and to reevaluate investment contracts within the framework of the Howey Test. Building upon the technical foundations of blockchain, this study conducts a thorough reanalysis of the Howey Test and delves into the impact of initial issuance activities, such as mining, short selling, and forking, on the subsequent secondary market. Furthermore, this paper advocates for a return to analyzing and discussing the classification of virtual asset securities based on their technical underpinnings, with a particular focus on decentralized peer-to-peer networks and smart contracts. Furthermore, the discussion surrounding the booming blockchain and trading platforms has gained traction following the FTX bankruptcy incident. Consequently, U.S. regulators have proposed a new amendment to include virtual asset trading platforms within the regulatory purview, incorporating communication protocol systems as elements in defining a "stock exchange." However, this new regulatory framework raises concerns due to inconsistencies with existing regulations. Therefore, this article places emphasis on the technical aspects of the communication protocol system and explores its impact on the secondary market of virtual assets. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Submitted by admin ntu (admin@lib.ntu.edu.tw) on 2023-08-01T16:21:05Z No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2023-08-01T16:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝辭 I
摘要 II ABSTRACT III 目錄 V 圖表目錄 VII 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與研究目的 1 第二節 研究範圍 4 第三節 研究方法 5 第四節 研究架構 6 第二章 虛擬資產概論 8 第一節 虛擬資產之技術概論 8 第二節 區塊鏈技術之應用 22 第三節 虛擬資產之分類 25 第三章 虛擬資產之證券性質分析 45 第一節 虛擬資產之定性 45 第二節 虛擬資產與證券 54 第三節 虛擬資產與HOWEY TEST 70 第四節 我國虛擬資產證券性質之認定 80 第五節 本章結論 82 第四章 虛擬資產與次級市場 92 第一節 交易所之興起 94 第二節 傳統證券交易所 97 第三節 虛擬資產交易所 99 第四節 虛擬資產次級市場與聯邦證券法 105 第五節 我國虛擬資產交易平台之規範 111 第六節 本章結論 113 第五章 本文結論與建議 118 一、 建議我國須將「虛擬通貨」一詞修正為「虛擬資產」 118 二、 REVES TEST不適用於虛擬資產證券性質之判斷 119 三、 使用HOWEY TEST判斷虛擬資產時,應優先考慮區塊鏈之底層技術併予以適用 120 四、 通訊協議系統要件之新增,需要具有明確定義 122 參考文獻 125 | - |
dc.language.iso | zh_TW | - |
dc.title | 論同質化虛擬資產於次級市場之性質與法制—以美國法為中心 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Fungible Crypto-Assets in Secondary Markets: Characteristics and Legal Framework - Analysis of U.S. Law and Experience | en |
dc.type | Thesis | - |
dc.date.schoolyear | 111-2 | - |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | - |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 邵慶平;林建中 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | Ching-Ping Shao;Chien-Chung Lin | en |
dc.subject.keyword | 虛擬資產,區塊鏈,豪威測試,次級市場,通訊協議, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | Crypto-Assets,Blockchain,Howey Test,Secondary Markets,Communication Protocols, | en |
dc.relation.page | 151 | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202301400 | - |
dc.rights.note | 未授權 | - |
dc.date.accepted | 2023-07-11 | - |
dc.contributor.author-college | 法律學院 | - |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 科際整合法律學研究所 | - |
顯示於系所單位: | 科際整合法律學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-111-2.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 3.35 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。